Formation of heavy and superheavy elements by reactions with massive nuclei

Fazio, Giovanni; Giardina, G.; Lamberto, A.; Ruggeri, R.; Saccà, Carmelo; Palamara, Rocco; Muminov, A. I.; Nasirov, A. K.; Yakhshiev, Ulugbek; Hanappe, F.; Materna, T.; Stuttgé, L.

doi:10.1140/epja/i2003-10103-6

Cited by 56 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The analysis of the reactions with massive nuclei show that the mass asymmetry, shell structure and orientation angles of the symmetry axes of the initial colliding nuclei play a crucial role in the formation of reaction products at the final stage of the process [5,8,12,13,20]. The failure in the synthesis of the superheavy element Z = 118 in the "cold fusion" reaction 86 Kr+ 208 Pb at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory is explained by the very is connected with the intrinsic fusion barrier B * fus which is sensitive to the mass asymmetry and shell structure of the nuclei in the entrance channel [12,13].…”

Section: Overlaps Of the Fusion-fission And Quasifission Fragmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quasifission and fusion-fission in reactions with massive nuclei: Comparison of reactions leading to theZ=120element

Nasirov

Giardina²,

Mandaglio³

et al. 2009

Phys. Rev. C

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The yields of evaporation residues, fusion-fission and quasifission fragments in the 48 Ca+ 144,154 Sm and 16 O+ 186 W reactions are analyzed in the framework of the combined theoretical method based on the dinuclear system concept and advanced statistical model. The measured yields of evaporation residues for the 48 Ca+ 154 Sm reaction can be well reproduced. The measured yields of fission fragments are decomposed into contributions coming from fusion-fission, quasifission, and fast-fission. The decrease in the measured yield of quasifission fragments in 48 Ca+ 154 Sm at the large collision energies and the lack of quasifission fragments in the 48 Ca+ 144 Sm reaction are explained by the overlap in mass-angle distributions of the quasifission and fusion-fission fragments. The investigation of the optimal conditions for the synthesis of the new element Z=120 (A=302) show that the 54 Cr+ 248 Cm reaction is preferable in comparison with the 58 Fe+ 244 Pu and 64 Ni+ 238 U reactions because the excitation function of the evaporation residues of the former reaction is some orders of magnitude larger than that for the last two reactions.

show abstract

Section: Overlaps Of the Fusion-fission And Quasifission Fragmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quasifission and fusion-fission in reactions with massive nuclei: Comparison of reactions leading to theZ=120element

Nasirov

Giardina²,

Mandaglio³

et al. 2009

Phys. Rev. C

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Also in this case, the empty orbits in the near equatorial plane of the prolate deformed target nucleus favor the transfer of nucleons. Theoretical investigations taking into account the deformation of the reaction partners are presented in [134][135][136][137].…”

Section: Properties Of Cold-fusion Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 C or 16 O, where polar collisions at low beam energy result in enhanced sub-barrier fusion, to heavier projectiles like 48 Ca just described, as function of the projectile mass and charge [138]. Triggered by the recent experimental success of heavy element synthesis, a number of theoretical studies were performed or are in progress, aiming to obtain a detailed quantitative understanding of the reaction processes involved in heavy element synthesis [117,118,133,137,[139][140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152]. Although a realistic fusion scenario is not yet available and not all details of the fusion process resulting in SHE's are completely understood, we already can investigate various reactions concerning the Q-value, including radioactive projectiles.…”

Section: Properties Of Cold-fusion Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of superheavy elements by cold fusion

Hofmann¹

2011

Radiochimica Acta

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary.The new elements from Z = 107 to 112 were synthesized in cold fusion reactions based on targets of lead and bismuth. The principle physical concepts are presented which led to the application of this reaction type in search experiments for new elements. Described are the technical developments from early mechanical devices to experiments with recoil separators. An overview is given of present experiments which use cold fusion for systematic studies and synthesis of new isotopes. Perspectives are also presented for the application of cold fusion reactions in synthesis of elements beyond element 113, the so far heaviest element produced in a cold fusion reaction. Further, the transition of hot fusion to cold fusion is pointed out, which occurs in reactions for synthesis of elements near Z = 126 using actinide targets and beams of neutron rich isotopes of elements from iron to germanium.

show abstract

“…Among them there are calculations based on a di-nuclear system (DNS) concept (see, e.g., results of calculations in [18,19]). Other ones use a two-centre model approach [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusion probability and survivability in estimates of heaviest nuclei production

Sagaidak

2012

EPJ Web of Conferences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Production of the heavy and heaviest nuclei (from Po to the region of superheavy elements close to Z=114 and N=184) in fusion-evaporation reactions induced by heavy ions has been considered in a systematic way within the framework of the barrier-passing model coupled with the statistical model (SM) of de-excitation of a compound nucleus (CN). Excitation functions for fission and evaporation residues (ER) measured in very asymmetric combinations can be described rather well. One can scale and fix macroscopic (liquid-drop) fission barriers for nuclei involved in the calculation of survivability with SM. In less asymmetric combinations, effects of fusion suppression caused by quasi-fission (QF) are starting to appear in the entrance channel of reactions. QF effects could be semi-empirically taken into account using fusion probabilities deduced as the ratio of measured ER cross sections to the ones obtained in the assumption of absence of the fusion suppression in corresponding reactions. SM parameters (fission barriers) obtained at the analysis of a very asymmetric combination leading to the production of (nearly) the same CN should be used for this evaluation.

show abstract

Formation of heavy and superheavy elements by reactions with massive nuclei

Cited by 56 publications

References 42 publications

Quasifission and fusion-fission in reactions with massive nuclei: Comparison of reactions leading to theZ=120element

Quasifission and fusion-fission in reactions with massive nuclei: Comparison of reactions leading to theZ=120element

Synthesis of superheavy elements by cold fusion

Fusion probability and survivability in estimates of heaviest nuclei production

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About