Formation of epoxy-diamine/metal interphases

Roche, A.; Bouchet, J.; Bentadjine, S

doi:10.1016/s0143-7496(02)00021-0

Cited by 108 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of the formed interphase depend on both the substrate surface and the diamine hardener. In previous works we have pointed out that the interphase formation mechanisms result from dissolution and diffusion phenomena [28][29][30]. No chemical reaction was observed when the pure DGEBA monomer was applied onto the metallic surfaces or when pure diamine monomers were applied onto gold coated substrates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In previous works [28][29][30][31] we have shown that an interphase thickness in a range of 200-300 mm was formed for the DGEBA-IPDA= aluminum system. A profile of residual stresses within the tri-layer system (bulk coating=interphase=substrate) was also reported [32].…”

Section: Residual Stress Calculationmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…In recent works we have determined several mechanisms of the epoxy= aluminum interphase formation leading to a better understanding of its chemical, physical, and mechanical properties [28][29][30][31]. The organic layer near the substrate surface has to be considered as an interphase containing gradients of residual stresses and Young's modulus resulting from structural rearrangement, intermolecular and inter-atomic interactions, and diffusion phenomena, and where some new chemical species may be formed.…”

Section: Overview Of the Present Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the longitudinal direction, the final uni-axial residual stresses of the tri-layer system (bulk coating=interphase=substrate) are given by: [29] for more details):…”

Section: Residual Stress Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of the Residual Stresses of the Epoxy-Aluminum Interphase on the Interfacial Fracture Toughness

Roche

Aufray

Bouchet

2006

The Journal of Adhesion

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When an epoxy-diamine system (DGEBA-IPDA) is applied onto aluminum alloy (5754) and cured, an interphase having chemical, physical, and mechanical properties quite different from those of the bulk polymer is created between the substrate and the part of the polymer having bulk properties. To get a better understanding of the role of the interphase on the interfacial fracture toughness either a tri-layer (bulk coating=interphase=substrate) or a bi-layer model (bulk coating=substrate) were used for quantitative determination of the critical strain energy release rate (noted G c ). Indeed, as the interphase formation results from both dissolution and diffusion phenomena, we were able to control the interphase formation within coated systems by controlling the liquid-solid contact time and then to make tri-or bi-layered systems. The particularity of models used is to consider residual stress profiles developed within the entire system leading to an intrinsic parameter representing the work of adhesion between the polymer and the metallic substrate. The aim of this publication is to clearly establish the role of the interphase mechanical properties, such as Young's modulus and residual stress on the interfacial fracture toughness. Results are presented and discussed for three different aluminum surface treatments (chemical etching, degreasing and anodizing).

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Residual Stress Calculationmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Overview Of the Present Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the longitudinal direction, the final uni-axial residual stresses of the tri-layer system (bulk coating=interphase=substrate) are given by: [29] for more details):…”

Section: Residual Stress Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Role of the Residual Stresses of the Epoxy-Aluminum Interphase on the Interfacial Fracture Toughness

Roche

Aufray

Bouchet

2006

The Journal of Adhesion

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“…In this work, an epoxy-amine prepolymer is applied to an aluminum substrate and cured such as to obtain, or not, an interphase, as reported in previous works [1,2]. When an epoxy-amine mixture is deposited on the surface of aluminum, a transition zone, more or less thick, with different properties from the bulk materials is formed, and called an interphase [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Interval Analysis: A New Tool for the Characterization of an Epoxy-Amine/Aluminum System

2015

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Epoxy-amine/aluminum chemical systems or sandwich structures with and without interphase formation are prepared using two different curing cycles and are characterized with dielectric spectroscopy. The sample without interphase formation is obtained when the reaction between epoxy and amine groups is favored, which occurs at high temperature. The interphase formation results from the reaction between the amine group and aluminum surface at room temperature. Dielectric spectra are fitted using the Set Inversion Via Interval Analysis (SIVIA) algorithm applied to DiElectric spectroscopy algorithm (SADE) developed using the method of intervals analysis. A new approach is implemented using a sum of Debye relaxations to optimize and guarantee the fitting. The results achieved show a distribution of relaxation times, which always take place at the same time as demonstrated. In this study, five Debye relaxations were found which fit the β-relaxation with our model. Finally, we showed that the more intensive of our five β-relaxations follows the Arrhenius law.

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Chemical Processes During Aging in Ultra‐thin Epoxy Films on Metals

2005

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The aging behavior of ultra-thin epoxy films (DGEBA and DETA) on metal substrates (Al, Au, Cu) has been studied in order to reveal substrate influences on chemical aging mechanisms in the interphase region that differ from bulk aging. Different environmental conditions have been applied at 40 8C for up to 100 days to separate the roles of temperature, H 2 O, and O 2 in aging. The film thickness was varied (60-650 nm) in order to identify the influence of the metal substrate on the aging behavior in the interphase. Quantitative evaluation of the IR spectra provided the following results. Contrary to the bulk, the initial epoxy group conversion of the thin films was incomplete. During aging, post-curing took place that was catalytically enhanced by metal substrates in a specific way and by the presence of water, and characteristic aging bands appeared. Their interrelation was more complex than described in the literature. It was shown that the metallic substrates, the aging conditions, and the epoxy film thickness influenced the aging effects and their kinetics. With these experimental results, chemical aging mechanisms are discussed.

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Formation of epoxy-diamine/metal interphases

Cited by 108 publications

References 29 publications

The Role of the Residual Stresses of the Epoxy-Aluminum Interphase on the Interfacial Fracture Toughness

The Role of the Residual Stresses of the Epoxy-Aluminum Interphase on the Interfacial Fracture Toughness

Interval Analysis: A New Tool for the Characterization of an Epoxy-Amine/Aluminum System

Chemical Processes During Aging in Ultra‐thin Epoxy Films on Metals

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