Formation of dialysis-free Kombucha-based bacterial nanocellulose embedded in a polypyrrole/PVA composite for bulk conductivity measurements

Nirmal, Nadia; Pillay, Michael N.; Mariola, M.; Petruccione, Francesco; Zyl, Werner E. van

doi:10.1039/d0ra04649c

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Figure 7 shows the FTIR profiles of BNC using BLE (70%) at different treatment times with NaOH. The spectra obtained showed typical BNC bands, which are the broad peak located in the region of 3200-3400 cm −1 [44,106,107], which corresponds to stretching vibrations of cellulose OH groups, while the peak around 2900 cm −1 is related to C-H stretching [71,79]. The peak at 1634 cm −1…”

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared (Ftir)mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The spectra obtained showed typical BNC bands, which are the broad peak located in the region of 3200-3400 cm −1 [44,106,107], which corresponds to stretching vibrations of cellulose OH groups, while the peak around 2900 cm −1 is related to C-H stretching [71,79]. The peak at 1634 cm −1 is attributed to the OH bending of adsorbed water [44,71,106,107]. The peaks that appeared between 1055-1049 cm −1 correspond to C-O stretching at C3; C-C stretching; and C-O stretching at C6 [71,108].…”

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared (Ftir)mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…During fermentation, a membrane is produced at the liquid-air interface of the ferment, which is harvested and washed with sodium hydroxide (3M) for purification, thus eliminating the presence of melanoidins and microorganisms. Finally, the membrane is washed with distilled water and repeatedly drained until neutralized (pH 7) [71,80]. The residual NaOH solution is used to treat the residual bagasse from the leaf, and finally, this effluent is treated for final disposal.…”

Section: Juicementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the preparation of this beverage, it is usually left to ferment for 7 to 14 days in static, aerobic conditions and the absence of light [59,66]. As a side stream of the fermentation, a biofilm containing BNC is obtained, known as tea fungus (TF), which is formed at the gas-liquid interface of the container [70][71][72][73]. BNC has applications in different sectors such as medicine, food, and cosmetology [44,70,74], can be produced sustainably [69], and exhibits unique physical and biochemical properties [73].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacterial Nanocellulose Derived from Banana Leaf Extract: Yield and Variation Factors

et al. 2021

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Bananas are one of the most important crops worldwide. However, a large amount of residual lignocellulosic biomass is generated during its production and is currently undervalued. These residues have the potential to be used as feedstock in bio-based processes with a biorefinery approach. This work is based on the valorization of banana leaf and has the following objectives (i) to determine the effect of certain physical and environmental factors on the concentration of glucose present in banana leaf extract (BLE), using a statistical regression model; (ii) to obtain Bacterial Nanocellulose (BNC), using BLE (70% v/v) and kombucha tea as fermentation medium. In addition, the physicochemical properties of BNC were evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results indicate that storage time, location, leaf color, and petiole type are factors related to BLE concentration, which is reduced by approximately 28.82% and 64.32% during storage times of five days. Regarding BNC biosynthesis, the results indicate that the highest yield, 0.031 g/g, was obtained at 21 days. Furthermore, it was determined that the highest production rate was 0.11 gL−1h−1 at 11 days of fermentation. By FTIR, it was determined that the purification step with NaOH (3M) should be carried out for approximately two hours. This research supports the development of a circular bioeconomy around the banana value chain, as it presents a way of bioprocessing residual biomass that can be used to produce bioproducts.

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Section: Fourier Transform Infrared (Ftir)mentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared (Ftir)mentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Juicementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacterial Nanocellulose Derived from Banana Leaf Extract: Yield and Variation Factors

et al. 2021

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“…Further, dialysis was also performed to remove the residual acids. Numerous drawbacks associated with dialysis are: time-consuming, require a significant amount of water which make the overall process less environmentally friendly and causes health hazard (Nirmal et al, 2020).…”

Section: Chemical Hydrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocellulose: Resources, Physio-Chemical Properties, Current Uses and Future Applications

Kaur¹,

Sharma²,

Munagala³

et al. 2021

Front. Nanotechnol.

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The growing environmental concerns due to the excessive use of non-renewable petroleum based products have raised interest for the sustainable synthesis of bio-based value added products and chemicals. Recently, nanocellulose has attracted wide attention because of its unique properties such as high surface area, tunable surface chemistry, excellent mechanical strength, biodegradability and renewable nature. It serves wide range of applications in paper making, biosensor, hydrogel and aerogel synthesis, water purification, biomedical industry and food industry. Variations in selection of source, processing technique and subsequent chemical modifications influence the size, morphology, and other characteristics of nanocellulose and ultimately their area of application. The current review is focused on extraction/synthesis of nanocellulose from different sources such as bacteria and lignocellulosic biomass, by using various production techniques ranging from traditional harsh chemicals to green methods. Further, the challenges in nanocellulose production, physio-chemical properties and applications are discussed with future opportunities. Finally, the sustainability of nanocellulose product as well as processes is reviewed by taking a systems view. The impact of chemicals, energy use, and waste generated can often negate the benefit of a bio-based product. These issues are evaluated and future research needs are identified.

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Application of Nanocellulose for Treatment of Renal Failure

Chakraborty,

Ray

2024

Nanocellulose

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Formation of dialysis-free Kombucha-based bacterial nanocellulose embedded in a polypyrrole/PVA composite for bulk conductivity measurements

Abstract: The preparation of dialysis-free bacterial nanocrystalline cellulose (BNCC) derived from Kombucha and combined with a suitable polymer to form a robust conducting material is described.

Cited by 12 publications

References 66 publications

Bacterial Nanocellulose Derived from Banana Leaf Extract: Yield and Variation Factors

Bacterial Nanocellulose Derived from Banana Leaf Extract: Yield and Variation Factors

Nanocellulose: Resources, Physio-Chemical Properties, Current Uses and Future Applications

Application of Nanocellulose for Treatment of Renal Failure

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