Formation of Carboxylic Acids from Alcohols and Olefins in Zeolite H-ZSM-5 under Mild Conditions via Trapping of Alkyl Carbenium Ions with Carbon Monoxide: Anin Situ13C Solid State NMR Study

Stepanov, Alexander G.; Luzgin, Mikhail V.; Romannikov, V. N.; Sidelnikov, V. N.; Zamaraev, K. I.

doi:10.1006/jcat.1996.0397

Cited by 57 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…Studies have described the synthesis of both (long and short chain neo acids) using acidic copper carbonyl catalysts . However, zeolite‐catalyzed synthesis routes have only been successfully reported producing short‐chain Neo acids .…”

Section: Synthesis Routesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saturated branched fatty compounds: Proven industrial processes and new alternatives

Haßelberg

Behr

2015

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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This paper reviews properties and synthesis of saturated branched fatty compounds and their application. Especially industrially established processes based on the Guerbet reaction, Fatty acid isomerization, Oxo‐ and Koch synthesis will be presented. Also new laboratory methods will be discussed, e.g., the Lewis acid‐induced hydroalkylation of oleic acids. Recently, another new process has been developed and tested in miniplant scale, the homogeneously catalyzed co‐oligomerization of linoleic acid with ethylene. This process combines the co‐oligomerization step with the heterogeneously catalyzed hydrogenation and an additional extraction to recycle the catalyst. Practical applications: This review presents synthesis routes of saturated branched fatty compounds based on both, established processes in industry and recent research results on alternative routes. A new developed process on the co‐oligomerization of fatty acids or esters is highlighted as an alternative route to form saturated branched fatty compounds. Reformulation of mineral oil based lubricants for improved biodegradability in, e.g., high‐loss lubrication systems and high‐risk hydraulic systems is highly encouraged by the oleo industry. Therefore, chemical modification of vegetable oils is also interesting for recent research on biolubricants. In addition the paper reviews latest scientific papers and patents on already industrially established processes or synthesis routes, like the fatty acid isomerization, hydroformylation, and the formation of Guerbet alcohols or Neo acids. Covering the respective reactions this review combines interesting synthesis routes for both, oleo‐ and petrochemistry. Saturated branched fatty compounds can be synthesized from both, petro‐ and oleochemical feedstock. Respective industrial processes and new synthesis routes are reviewed. New modification methods of vegetable oils represent interesting alternatives for, e.g., the formation of biolubricants.

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Section: Synthesis Routesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saturated branched fatty compounds: Proven industrial processes and new alternatives

Haßelberg

Behr

2015

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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“…According to the work of Stepnanov and his coworkers in 1996, on the formation of carboxylic acids from alcohols and olefins in H‐ZSM‐5 zeolitic materials, hydrocarbon conversion via solid acid catalyst (zeolite in this case) typically involves the carbenium ion formation . The in situ 13 C solid‐state NMR study was used to characterize entrapment of the alkyl carbenium ion by means of carbon monoxide (CO).…”

Section: Homogeneous/heterogeneous Catalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalysis at room temperature: perspectives for future green chemical processes

Lam

Chau

et al. 2014

WIREs Energy & Environment

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Catalytic processes have been one of the main pillars of the chemical industry in recent years. Protocols that make use of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts have been extensively implemented for the production of fine chemicals, fuels, materials, and relevant products. Importantly, the need for benign by design processes and technologies became recently a major driver in both research and industry for a more sustainable future. This contribution has been aimed to discuss and highlight key examples on room temperature catalytic processes as one of the most relevant research avenues for future developments in catalysis.

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“…The process is generally hampered by complicated handling, harsh reaction conditions and severe corrosion, thus making it desired to develop a more benign and eco-friendly reaction system. An alternative, two-stage gas-phase MA production route was recently devised wherein dimethyl ether (DME), which can be formed efficiently and selectively from petro-or biomass-derived syngas via methanol, are carbonylated with CO using solid acid catalysts [4][5][6]. Optionally, MA can in a subsequent step be hydrogenated to (bio)ethanol with recycling of excess syngas and a byproduct of methanol (Scheme 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Determined using the t-plot method 3. Determined using BJH method (desorption) 4. Sum of mesoand micropore volume 5.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting Effect of Copper Loading and Mesoporosity on Cu-MOR in the Carbonylation of Dimethyl Ether to Methyl Acetate

et al. 2021

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Cu-mordenite (Cu-MOR) catalysts with different copper loadings were prepared, characterized and examined in continuous, gas-flow synthesis of methyl acetate (MA) by dimethyl ether (DME) carbonylation. Improved activity and selectivity were observed for Cu-MOR catalysts with up to 1 wt% Cu and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and temperature-programmed reduction with hydrogen (H2-TPR) were used to elucidate the state of copper in the catalysts. Moreover, mesoporous MOR catalysts (RHMs) were prepared by mild stepwise recrystallization with X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and ammonia temperature-programmed desorption (NH3-TPD) demonstrating the retained MOR structure and the acid property of the catalysts, respectively. The RHM catalysts showed improved lifetime compared to pristine MOR giving a yield up to 78% MA with 93% selectivity after 5 h on stream (GHSV = 6711 h−1). Under identical reaction conditions, 1 wt% Cu-RHM catalysts had an even higher catalytic activity and durability resulting in a MA yield of 90% with 97% selectivity for 7–8 h of operation as well as a lower coke formation.

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Formation of Carboxylic Acids from Alcohols and Olefins in Zeolite H-ZSM-5 under Mild Conditions via Trapping of Alkyl Carbenium Ions with Carbon Monoxide: Anin Situ13C Solid State NMR Study

Cited by 57 publications

References 0 publications

Saturated branched fatty compounds: Proven industrial processes and new alternatives

Saturated branched fatty compounds: Proven industrial processes and new alternatives

Catalysis at room temperature: perspectives for future green chemical processes

Promoting Effect of Copper Loading and Mesoporosity on Cu-MOR in the Carbonylation of Dimethyl Ether to Methyl Acetate

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