Formation of Archean (3600–2500 Ma) continental crust in the Dharwar Craton, southern India

Jayananda, M.; Santosh, M.; Aadhiseshan, K.R.

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2018.03.013

Cited by 204 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 174 publications

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“…Dharwar Craton (Figure 1a), the largest craton of the Indian peninsula, exposes continental crust from upper to deeper crustal levels owing to its regional northward tilt (Jayananda, Santosh, & Aadhiseshan, 2018). It is characterized by continuously changing metamorphic grade from greenschist facies in the north through amphibolite to granulite facies in the south (Pichamuthu, 1965).…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical and isotopic studies of potassic granite from the western Dharwar Craton, southern India: Implications for crustal reworking in the Neoarchean

et al. 2021

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Chitradurga greenstone belt (CGB), part of the western Dharwar Craton (WDC), is studied for its petrogenesis. The combined field, petrographic, whole-rock elemental, and Nd-Sr isotope data of granite and associated Tonalite-Trondhjemite-Granodiorite (TTG) gneiss from this region are presented here. The granites are alkali-calcic to calc-alkalic in terms of modified alkali lime index (MALI) and are weaklyindicate that these are formed by the melting of TTG gneiss at depths above the garnet stability field. Isotopic data (ε Nd = −2.9 to −7.6 at T = 2,600 Ma, I Sr = 0.715-0.729, T DM > 3.0 Ga) also show the involvement of Archean crustal sources. Trace element modelling was carried out using non-modal equilibrium melting equation, which constraints partial melting of TTG source to a low degree (11%) for the formation of this granite. This model could also produce a major element composition consistent with this granite. The upper bounds on the magmatic temperatures (724-785 C) assessed from zircon saturation thermometry suggest that fluid influx is required. TTG samples show variable and very high positive epsilon Nd values (1.5-8.9), higher than the contemporaneous mantle, suggesting re-melting of mafic crust. The observed high Nd isotope ratios in TTG indicate involvement of a mafic source that formed as early as 3.8 Ga, probably as a result of global differentiation of the early Earth.

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Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical and isotopic studies of potassic granite from the western Dharwar Craton, southern India: Implications for crustal reworking in the Neoarchean

et al. 2021

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“…Main lithological associations reported here are TTGs and transitional TTGs, bimodal volcanic-sedimentary greenstone sequences, and composite plutons of sanukitiods and anatectic granites (Ramakrishnan and Vaidyanadhan, 2008;Jayananda et al, 2013, 2018 andreferences therein). Even though the Dharwar craton for long was divided into two or even three blocks-the eastern and the western Dharwar, recent studies (see Peucat et al, 2013;Ishwar Kumar et al, 2013;Santosh et al, 2015;Roberts and Santosh, 2018;Jayananda et al, 2018 and references therein) favour it to be an amalgamation of several micro-blocks (western, central, eastern, Coorg and Karwar) with independent thermal record and evolutionary histories. Peng et al (2019) envisaged the Dharwar craton to be a trinity of Archean crustal architecture ('sandwich' structure), comprising (i) 2700-2500 Ma-dominated upper crust, (ii) 3400-2900 Ma-dominated middle crust, and (iii)~2560-2500 Ma anatectic lower crust.…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralogy and petrology of shoshonitic lamprophyre dykes from the Sivarampeta area, diamondiferous Wajrakarur kimberlite field, Eastern Dharwar craton, southern India

Pankaj

Giri

Rao

et al. 2020

Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences

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Petrology and geochemistry (including Sr and Nd isotopes) of two lamprophyre dykes, intruding the Archaean granitic gneisses at Sivarampeta in the diamondiferous Wajrakarur kimberlite field (WKF), eastern Dharwar craton, southern India, are presented. The Sivarampeta lamprophyres display porphyritic-panidiomorphic texture comprising macrocrysts/phenocrysts of olivine, clinopyroxene (augite), and mica set in a groundmass dominated by feldspar and comprising minor amounts of ilmenite, chlorite, carbonates, epidote, and sulphides. Amphibole (actinolite-tremolite) is essentially secondary in nature and derived from the alteration of clinopyroxene. Mica is compositionally biotite and occurs as a scattered phase throughout. Mineralogy suggests that these lamprophyres belong to calc-alkaline variety whereas their bulk-rock geochemistry portrays mixed signals of both alkaline as well as calc-alkaline (shoshonitic) variety of lamprophyres and suggest their derivation from the recently identified Domain II (orogenic-anorogenic transitional source type mantle source) from eastern Dharwar craton. Trace element ratios imply melt-derivation from an essentially the garnet bearing-enriched lithospheric mantle source region; this is further supported by their 87 Sr/ 86 Sr initial (0.708213 and 0.708507) and 'enriched' εNd initial (−19.1 and −24.2) values. The calculated T DM ages (2.7-2.9 Ga) implies that such enrichment occurred prior to or during Neoarchean, contrary to that of the co-spatial and co-eval kimberlites which originated from an isotopically depleted mantle source which was metasomatized during Mesoproterozoic. The close association of calc-alkaline shoshonitic lamprophyres, sampling distinct mantle sources, viz., Domain I (e.g., Udiripikonda) and Domain II (Sivarampeta), and kimberlites in the WKF provide further evidence highly for heterogeneous nature of the sub-continental lithospheric mantle beneath the eastern Dharwar craton.

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“…Dharwar Supergroup is distributed in WDC as linear schist belts ( Fig. 1a) such as Shimoga, Chitradurga, Bababudan, and Kudremukh Groups (Jayananda et al, 2013(Jayananda et al, , 2018Giri et al, 2019). CSB is exposed as about 450 km long linear NNW-SSE trending belt from Gadag in the north to Mysore in the south and has a maximum width of around 40 km in the central region (Fig.…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural architecture and geological relationships in the southern part of Chitradurga Schist Belt, Dharwar craton, South India

Sreehari

Toyoshima

2020

Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences

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Detailed structural mapping in the southern part of Chitradurga Schist Belt (3.0-2.5 Ga) (CSB) distributed around the Chikkanayakanahalli-Kibbanahalli area was carried out. Sargur Group, Basement Gneiss, Bababudan Group, Chitradurga Group, and Hiriyur Group of rocks are well preserved in the investigated area. Unconformable relation between Basement Gneiss-Sargur Group and Bababudan Group is defined by oligomict conglomerate with quartzite clast and occasionally preserve granite clast. A polymictic conglomerate separates Bababudan and Chitradurga Groups; similarly, Chitradurga and Hiriyur Groups are also separated by a polymictic conglomerate. A new zone, Akkanahalli Zone, in the eastern margin of the study area is proposed which is belonging to Sargur Group. Zircon grains in the metatuff sample from this zone provide an age of 3313 ± 6 Ma. Six stages of deformation events are recognized in the study area. General trend and megascopic structures in the mapped area have resulted from the earlier two stages of deformations (D 2 and D 3). The D 2 stage structure is distinctly characterized by a fold-and-thrust belt consisting of a NNW-SSE trending fold zone sandwiched between a pair of NNW-SSE trending thrust faults dipping east. Deformation during the D 3 stage resulted in regional-scale sinistral shear zones, such as N-S striking Gadag-Mandya Shear Zone, and narrow N-S and NW trending sinistral 'echelon' shear zones. Based on our structural and field relationship it is proposed that CSB developed in an immature or failed rift setting where shallow marine sequence and shelf deposits are predominant. Sediments and volcanic rocks were unconformably deposited horizontally above Basement Gneiss and later got deformed together in a sinistral transpression setting.

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Formation of Archean (3600–2500 Ma) continental crust in the Dharwar Craton, southern India

Cited by 204 publications

References 174 publications

Geochemical and isotopic studies of potassic granite from the western Dharwar Craton, southern India: Implications for crustal reworking in the Neoarchean

Geochemical and isotopic studies of potassic granite from the western Dharwar Craton, southern India: Implications for crustal reworking in the Neoarchean

Mineralogy and petrology of shoshonitic lamprophyre dykes from the Sivarampeta area, diamondiferous Wajrakarur kimberlite field, Eastern Dharwar craton, southern India

Structural architecture and geological relationships in the southern part of Chitradurga Schist Belt, Dharwar craton, South India

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Formation of Archean (3600–2500 Ma) continental crust in the Dharwar Craton, southern India

Cited by 204 publications

References 174 publications

Geochemical and isotopic studies of potassic granite from the western Dharwar Craton, southern India: Implications for crustal reworking in the Neoarchean

Geochemical and isotopic studies of potassic granite from the western Dharwar Craton, southern India: Implications for crustal reworking in the Neoarchean

Mineralogy and petrology of shoshonitic lamprophyre dykes from the Sivarampeta area, diamondiferous Wajrakarur kimberlite field, Eastern Dharwar craton, southern India

Structural architecture and geological relationships in the southern part of Chitradurga Schist Belt, Dharwar craton, South India

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Formation of Archean (3600–2500 Ma) continental crust in the Dharwar Craton, southern India