Formation of a fuel-cell catalyst layer with a low platinum content

Сохорева, В. В.; Головков, В. М.

doi:10.1134/s0965544115040088

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, studies aimed at improving the properties of membranes containing sulfonated polystyrene (PSS) have been intensively conducted. In particular, the following methods have been studied: surface profiling of heterogeneous membranes [12]; coating of their sur-face with a thin layer of a perfluorinated sulfonated cation-exchange material [16,17]; doping with various additives, such as polyaniline [18], zirconium phosphate [19], zirconia [20], and ceria [21]; synthesis of sulfonated copolymers of styrene with allyl glycidyl ether [22]; and radiation-induced chemical grafting of styrene to poly(vinylidene fluoride) with subsequent sulfonation [23]. Promising dopants are acid salts of heteropoly acids with heavy alkali metal cations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Modification with Cesium Acid Salt of Phosphotungstic Acid on the Properties of Membranes Based on Grafted Sulfonated Polystyrene

Прихно

Yaroslavtsev

Голубенко

2019

Membr. Membr. Technol.

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The possibility of modification of ion-exchange membranes with high pore and channel volumes and the effect of doping on the membrane properties have been studied. Hybrid membranes based on sulfonated polystyrene grafted onto polymethylpentene and cesium acid phosphotungstate have been synthesized by the in situ method. It has been shown that modification of these membranes leads to an increase in conductivity to 34.8 mS/cm at 25°С in contact with water. The chloride anion transport numbers for the original and modified membranes are about 4%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Modification with Cesium Acid Salt of Phosphotungstic Acid on the Properties of Membranes Based on Grafted Sulfonated Polystyrene

Прихно

Yaroslavtsev

Голубенко

2019

Membr. Membr. Technol.

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“…The sputtering deposition process has been modified and developed into various types of sputtering techniques; such as ion-beam sputtering deposition, and has been proven to be the most important method in the preparation of various types of films [392,393]. This technology has also been successfully applied to the preparation of one-layer or multilayer film electrocatalysts such as Pt, PtRu, PtFe, PtCo, and PtNi [394][395][396][397]. Bimetallic films can also be prepared by using successive sputtering techniques, and core-shell-structured electrocatalysts can be formed in the case in which one layer of deposited metal is covered by a subsequent layer of deposited metal.…”

Section: Physical Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Core–Shell-Structured Low-Platinum Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cell Applications

Wang

Luo

et al. 2018

Electrochem. Energ. Rev.

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Pt-based catalysts are the most efficient catalysts for low-temperature fuel cells. However, commercialization is impeded by prohibitively high costs and scarcity. One of the most effective strategies to reduce Pt loading is to deposit a monolayer or a few layers of Pt over other metal cores to form core-shell-structured electrocatalysts. In core-shell-structured electrocatalysts, the compositions of the core can be divided into five classes: single-precious metallic cores represented by Pd, Ru, and Au; singlenon-precious metallic cores represented by Cu, Ni, Co, and Fe; alloy cores containing 3d, 4d or 5d metals; and carbide and nitride cores. Of these, researchers have found that carbide and nitride cores can yield tremendous advantages over alloy cores in terms of cost and promotional activities of Pt shells. In addition, desirable shells with reasonable thicknesses and compositions have been recognized to play a dominant role in electrocatalytic performances. And recently, researchers have also found that the catalytic activity of core-shell-structured catalysts is dependent on the binding energy of the adsorbents, which is determined by the d-band center of Pt. The shifting of this d-band center in turn is mainly affected by strain and electronic effects, which can be adjusted by adjusting core compositions and shell thicknesses of catalysts. In the development of these core-shell structures, optimal synthesis methods are of primary concern because they directly determine the practical application potential of the resulting electrocatalysts. And in this article, the principles behind core-shell-structured low-Pt electrocatalysts and the developmental progresses of various synthesis methods along with the traits of each type of core and its effects on Pt shell catalytic activities are discussed. In addition, perspectives on this type of catalyst are discussed and future research directions are proposed.

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Formation of a fuel-cell catalyst layer with a low platinum content

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Effect of Modification with Cesium Acid Salt of Phosphotungstic Acid on the Properties of Membranes Based on Grafted Sulfonated Polystyrene

Effect of Modification with Cesium Acid Salt of Phosphotungstic Acid on the Properties of Membranes Based on Grafted Sulfonated Polystyrene

Core–Shell-Structured Low-Platinum Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cell Applications

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