Formation of 2-alkenes as secondary products during Fischer–Tropsch synthesis

Shi, Bingbing; Liao, Yunxin; Naumovitz, Jennifer

doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2014.10.052

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This idea could indicate two different routes for the production of alkenes ( Figures 38, 39 and 42), or possibly two different active sites that solely depend on the electronic structure of the iron. Shi et al noted an independence of the formation of the 2-alkenes from the 1-alkenes when carrying out H/D exchange [161,162]. This is an indication that the formation of internal alkenes (i.e., again, excluding secondary reactions) is likely on a different pathway than the one that produces 1-alkenes.…”

Section: Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fischer–Tropsch: Product Selectivity–The Fingerprint of Synthetic Fuels

et al. 2019

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The bulk of the products that were synthesized from Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is a wide range (C1–C70+) of hydrocarbons, primarily straight-chained paraffins. Additional hydrocarbon products, which can also be a majority, are linear olefins, specifically: 1-olefin, trans-2-olefin, and cis-2-olefin. Minor hydrocarbon products can include isomerized hydrocarbons, predominantly methyl-branched paraffin, cyclic hydrocarbons mainly derived from high-temperature FTS and internal olefins. Combined, these products provide 80–95% of the total products (excluding CO2) generated from syngas. A vast number of different oxygenated species, such as aldehydes, ketones, acids, and alcohols, are also embedded in this product range. These materials can be used to probe the FTS mechanism or to produce alternative chemicals. The purpose of this article is to compare the product selectivity over several FTS catalysts. Discussions center on typical product selectivity of commonly used catalysts, as well as some uncommon formulations that display selectivity anomalies. Reaction tests were conducted while using an isothermal continuously stirred tank reactor. Carbon mole percentages of CO that are converted to specific materials for Co, Fe, and Ru catalysts vary, but they depend on support type (especially with cobalt and ruthenium) and promoters (especially with iron). All three active metals produced linear alcohols as the major oxygenated product. In addition, only iron produced significant selectivities to acids, aldehydes, and ketones. Iron catalysts consistently produced the most isomerized products of the catalysts that were tested. Not only does product selectivity provide a fingerprint of the catalyst formulation, but it also points to a viable proposed mechanistic route.

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Section: Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fischer–Tropsch: Product Selectivity–The Fingerprint of Synthetic Fuels

et al. 2019

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“…In addition, CO and H 2 can interact to form oxygen-containing compounds such as alcohols [1,2,4,20], although the probability of their formation is higher in the presence of Fe than Co. It is necessary to take into account the activity of metal sites in the secondary transformation of FTS-generated hydrocarbons such as hydrogenation, re-adsorption of α-olefins followed by their subsequent inclusion in the chain growth, hydrogenolysis and isomerization [9,[21][22][23][24].…”

Section: The Role Of Cobalt In the Formation Of Fischer-tropsch Synth...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was shown in [23,24] that in hydrocarbons obtained by FTS in the presence of both Co and Fe catalysts, methyl-branched hydrocarbons were identified, but ethyl-branched and dimethyl-branched hydrocarbons were not observed. The total amount of branched alkanes is about 5% in the presence of Co catalyst, while in the presence of Fe, it is about 25%.…”

Section: The Role Of Cobalt In the Formation Of Fischer-tropsch Synth...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Zeolite-Containing Co Catalysts for Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis with Tailor-Made Molecular-Weight Distribution of Hydrocarbons

et al. 2023

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The review is dedicated to the topical field of research aimed at creating catalysts combining several types of active sites. At the same time, the composition of Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) products can be controlled by changing the strength and concentration of the active sites and inter-site distances. A comparative analysis of the literature data allows to formulate the main principles of catalytic particles formation active in FTS and acid-catalyzed transformations of hydrocarbons: (1) the presence of weak Bronsted acid sites to control the cracking depth, (2) an availability of Bronsted acid sites for re-adsorption hydrocarbons and (3) weak Co-zeolite interaction to reduce methane formation.

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“…The FTS mechanism is still an issue of active research. − Some studies consider −CH 2 – to be a monomer in the FT chain growth. , Recently, MCH also has been indicated as a likely monomer in the FT chain growth. , However, the current paper aims to offer general kinetic descriptions that could be used for a number of reported literature product distributions. A detailed kinetic expression is being considered for future work.…”

Section: Fischer–tropsch Kinetic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equation-Oriented Framework for Optimal Synthesis of Integrated Reactive Distillation Systems for Fischer–Tropsch Processes

2018

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To explore reactive distillation (RD) for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS), we develop a steady-state adiabatic RD model for this system. Here, the calculation of the vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) through cubic equation of state is used to describe the phase behavior. Rate expressions for the FT and the water–gas shift reactions are expressed in terms of fugacities and product selectivity of catalysts are based on Anderson–Schulz–Flory distribution and experimental data. Next, a mass, equilibrium, summation, and heat model is extended by considering bypass streams for nonreactive trays and is used to integrate column structure blocks. A step-by-step initialization procedure is proposed to accommodate the complexity of the RD column and the high nonlinearity. This includes case studies of operating variables in a reactive flash model prepared for performance optimization of RD. Finally, a typical low-temperature FT process, which favors diesel production is implemented in the RD model. Comparing the RD for FTS against conventional slurry reactors, we provide results that show that RD has a potential edge in industrial processes.

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Formation of 2-alkenes as secondary products during Fischer–Tropsch synthesis

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Fischer–Tropsch: Product Selectivity–The Fingerprint of Synthetic Fuels

Fischer–Tropsch: Product Selectivity–The Fingerprint of Synthetic Fuels

Zeolite-Containing Co Catalysts for Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis with Tailor-Made Molecular-Weight Distribution of Hydrocarbons

Equation-Oriented Framework for Optimal Synthesis of Integrated Reactive Distillation Systems for Fischer–Tropsch Processes

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