Formation Mechanism of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-(MgO) Inclusions in Si-Mn-Killed Steel with Limited Aluminum Content During the Low Basicity Slag Refining

Wang, Kunpeng; Jiang, Min; Wang, Xinhua; Wang, Ying; Zhao, Haoqian; Cao, Zhanmin

doi:10.1007/s11663-015-0502-z

Cited by 47 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The transformation of inclusions during the process induces the different natures of inclusions in steel products from those in the molten steel. The formation, removal, and modification of inclusions in molten steel have been widely investigated. Meanwhile, the changes of inclusions in solid steel during heat treatment have been paid more and more attention to, especially for stainless steels .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cooling Rate on Oxide Inclusions During Solidification of 304 Stainless Steel

Wang

Yang

Zhang

2019

steel research int.

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Laboratory experiments are carried out to investigate the effect of cooling rate on oxide inclusions during the solidification of Si-Mn killed 304 stainless steel. The oxide inclusions in the 304 stainless steel were Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -CaO-MnO-MgO system. During the cooling process, the change of inclusions is supposed to consist of two steps. The first step is the precipitation and growth of SiO 2 -MnO-Al 2 O 3 type inclusions during the solidification process of steel. The second step is the transformation of inclusions into the MnO-Cr 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 system in solid steel by the interaction between inclusions and the steel matrix. Smaller cooling rate led to the more complete growth and transformation of inclusions. With decreasing the cooling rate, the number of large inclusions increased while that of small inclusions decreased. Meanwhile, the diameter of the inclusions increased. The main reason for the size difference of inclusions at different cooling rates is the difference of inclusion growth during solidification.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cooling Rate on Oxide Inclusions During Solidification of 304 Stainless Steel

Wang

Yang

Zhang

2019

steel research int.

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“…Schematic diagram of formation mechanism of CaO‐SiO 2 ‐Al 2 O 3 ‐(MgO) inclusions in converter tapping process (Reproduced from ref. ).…”

Section: The Origins Of Sio2‐cao‐al2o3 System Inclusions During Refinmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Recently, K. P Wang et al proposed a new perspective to explain this puzzling question with some industrial experiments. They suggested that the formation and evolution of SiO 2 ‐CaO‐Al 2 O 3 ‐(MgO) system inclusions experienced two steps.…”

Section: The Origins Of Sio2‐cao‐al2o3 System Inclusions During Refinmentioning

confidence: 99%

State of the Art in the Control of Inclusions in Tire Cord Steels and Saw Wire Steels – A Review

Chen

Zheng

et al. 2019

steel research int.

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Non-metallic inclusions in tire cord steels and saw wire steels often act as breakage source during cold drawing and standing process. In this work, the control of inclusions in tire cord steels and saw wire steels in the production process are extensively reviewed. On the one hand, the new perspectives on the problems left over in the past have been discussed comprehensively, include the new understanding of the origins of SiO 2 -CaO-Al 2 O 3 system inclusions, the new found of evolution of inclusions in cord steel and saw wire steel during rolling and drawing process, and the new understanding of controlling the plasticity of inclusions. On the other hand, the new approaches of controlling inclusions in tire cord steels and saw wire steels have also been discussed, include alkali oxides treatment, boron treatment, Mg treatment and cerium treatment. R 2 O (R ¼ K, Rb, Cs) containing refining slag can significantly improve the cleanliness of saw wire steels and saw wire steels. Adding alkali oxides, boron or Mg into molten steel can dramatically improve the deformability of inclusions through expanding the acreage of the region with low melting points. The basicity of top slag at the range of 1.1-1.2, and ωAl 2 O 3 in top slag around 3 wt% in order to control the composition of inclusions in the region with low melting points when ZrO 2 -based refractory be used to reduced the pure Al 2 O 3 inclusions in tire cord steel. Finally, the unsolved problems are summarized.

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“…Obviously, viscosity is an important factor on the stress of inclusions during the separation process, as shows in Equation (11). According to Valdez et al [31], decreasing viscosity causes the inclusions easier enter into the slag.…”

Section: Influence Of Na 2 O Rb 2 O On the Second Stage: Separation mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, there are still some problems that plagued metallurgical workers for many years, but which the subjects of new research and breakthroughs in recent years [9][10][11][12][13]. For example, in terms of the formation mechanism and evolution of SiO 2 -type inclusions in Si-Mn killed steel wires, Wang et al [9,10] found, in 2015, that the formation mechanism of SiO 2 -type inclusions in wire rods involves two main steps: First, solid SiO 2 phase precipitates form MnO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 system inclusions during the casting process to form dual-phase inclusions in the as-cast bloom, and second, dual-phase inclusions experience phase separation during the rolling process for heterogeneity and In this experiment, the temperature of liquid metal is continuously measured by means of a B-type reference thermocouple.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Na2O and Rb2O on Inclusion Removal in C96V Saw Wire Steels Using Low-Basicity LF (Ladle Furnace) Refining Slags

Chen

Sun

et al. 2018

Metals

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Inclusion removal and modification of C96V saw wire steel using Na 2 O-and Rb 2 Ocontaining novel low-basicity LF (ladle furnace) Refining Slags have been researched. The results indicated that the addition of Na 2 O deteriorates inclusion removal; by contrast, the addition of Rb 2 O seems to significantly enhance inclusion removal. In detail, Rb 2 O can improve the cleanliness in the as-quenched C96V saw wire steel melts compared to preexisting synthetic LF refining slag compositions: (i) The average inclusion diameter experienced a remarkable decrease after reaction between the liquid steel and the synthetic LF refining slag; (ii) In addition, the number of inclusions also suffered from a dramatic decrease, with the reaction time increasing from 900 to 2700 s (15·to 45 min); (iii) Furthermore, both of the MnO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 and CaO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 inclusion system mainly concentrated in the low melting zone when the composition of Rb 2 O in synthetic refining slag was ≥5.0 wt%. This is mainly because Na 2 O significantly reduces the viscosity of refining slag, while Rb 2 O increases it. Then, there are two remarkable influences causing the increase of viscosity of refining slag with the addition of Rb 2 O: the inclusions can be sufficiently entrained within the slag once absorbed due to the significant increase in the viscosity; and the slag entrapment during refining process weakened dramatically.

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Formation Mechanism of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-(MgO) Inclusions in Si-Mn-Killed Steel with Limited Aluminum Content During the Low Basicity Slag Refining

Cited by 47 publications

References 9 publications

Effect of Cooling Rate on Oxide Inclusions During Solidification of 304 Stainless Steel

Effect of Cooling Rate on Oxide Inclusions During Solidification of 304 Stainless Steel

State of the Art in the Control of Inclusions in Tire Cord Steels and Saw Wire Steels – A Review

Effect of Na2O and Rb2O on Inclusion Removal in C96V Saw Wire Steels Using Low-Basicity LF (Ladle Furnace) Refining Slags

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