Formation, evolution and modeling of trihalomethanes in the drinking water of a town: I. At the municipal treatment utilities

García-Villanova, Rafael J.; García, Clemente González; Gomez, J. A.; García, María del Carmen Macías; Ardanuy, Ramón

doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(96)00335-1

Cited by 63 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Several investigators stated this effect, and they reported decreased THM formation as a result of lowering the pH [28]. Garcia-Villanova et al [29] reported that there was a linear relationship between pH and THM formation, as was the case with our modeling studies. Moreover, this parameter seems to be very important in controlling THM formation.…”

Section: Effect Of Phsupporting

confidence: 78%

Monitoring and modeling of trihalomethanes (THMs) for a water treatment plant in Istanbul

2005

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Section: Effect Of Phsupporting

confidence: 78%

Monitoring and modeling of trihalomethanes (THMs) for a water treatment plant in Istanbul

2005

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“…In temperate environments, THM levels in drinking water are strongly affected by seasonal conditions [12,13,[30][31][32][33][34]. Several studies have reported higher concentrations of THMs in the summer and fall compared to winter [13,29,32].…”

Section: Trihalomethane Levels and Their Seasonal Variation In Drinkimentioning

confidence: 99%

Trihalomethane Levels and Their Seasonal Variation in Drinking Water Produced from Thermal Desalination in Kuwait

Al–Mudhaf¹,

Abu-Shady²

2008

TOENVIRSJ

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Drinking water is obtained in Kuwait by blending desalinated seawater with 5-10% brackish water. Chemical analysis of trihalomethanes (THMs) was performed on 624 water samples collected from private residences and government buildings from December 2003 to May 2005. The highest value recorded (91.01 g/L), exceeds the maximum contaminant level (MCL) set by the U.S. EPA. Significant variations in the levels of total THMs (TTHMs) either between various sampling locations or between indoor and outdoor sampling points were found. TTHM levels were mostly higher in the outdoor samples. The maximum recorded value of TTHMs in the indoor drinking water has significantly increased from 50.5 g/L in 1988 (average 25.6±9.1 g/L) to 90.5 g/L (average 45.5±2.6 g/L) in this study. Brominated THMs are the dominant species, and bromoform is the most dominant one. TTHMs values are found mostly higher in winter, in contrast to other studies on drinking water of freshwater sources.

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“…Some researches indicated that THMs formations have a critical temperature (GarciaVillanova et al 1997;Abdullah et al 2003). In this regards, the critical temperature (Tc) for THMs formation is 18.97 • C ( Garcia-Villanova et al 1997). Therefore, expect that THMs values were reduced drastically when the temperature was increased above Tc value.…”

Section: Effect Of Water Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, the government of Iran has been prepared to set a MCL for THMs to 100 μg/L in order to comply with World Health Organization (WHO) and USEPA (ISIRI 1997). It was reported that THM occurrence in chlorinated water may vary significantly based on season and geographical location of water resources (Williams et al 1997;Garcia-Villanova et al 1997). These variations are due to changes in raw and treated water quality as well as in operational parameters related to chlorination (Abdullah et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of trihalomethanes formation potential in Karoon River water, Iran

Fooladvand¹,

Ramavandi²,

Zandi

et al. 2010

Environ Monit Assess

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Organic matters in raw water have a potential to generate harmful disinfection by-products such as trihalomethanes (THMs) during the chlorination process. The objectives of this study were to investigate the trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) in Karoon River water and to determine the effect of several factors including total organic carbon (TOC), pH, chlorine dosage, water temperature, and seasonal variation. The results showed that, among all factors, TOC and water temperature have a remarkable effect on THMFP. The experimental results from batch studies indicated that increasing of pH value yielded a greater THMFP concentration for Karoon River water. THMFP levels of Karoon River water in summer times, when water temperature exceeded 26°C, were 1.2-1.6 times higher than in the spring and fall seasons, when water temperature was below 15°C. It was found that the measured THMFP at Karoon River water in the spring and fall seasons were very rarely higher than 100 μg/L.

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Formation, evolution and modeling of trihalomethanes in the drinking water of a town: I. At the municipal treatment utilities

Cited by 63 publications

References 14 publications

Monitoring and modeling of trihalomethanes (THMs) for a water treatment plant in Istanbul

Monitoring and modeling of trihalomethanes (THMs) for a water treatment plant in Istanbul

Trihalomethane Levels and Their Seasonal Variation in Drinking Water Produced from Thermal Desalination in Kuwait

Investigation of trihalomethanes formation potential in Karoon River water, Iran

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