Formation and evolution mechanism of persistent free radicals in biochar during biomass pyrolysis: Insights from biochar’s element composition and chemical structure

Chen, Dezhi; Xu, Jun; Ling, Peng; Fang, Zhou; Ren, Qiangqiang; Xu, Kai; Jiang, Long; Wang, Yi; Su, Sheng; Hu, Song; Xiang, Jun

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2023.129910

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Acacia nilotica bark biochar, generated at temperatures of 300 °C and 600 °C, exhibited greater yield compared to eggplant residue-derived biochars. This can be attributed to the increased thermal stability resulting from the compact and rigid structure of lignin, as stated by Chen et al 34 . This is similar to the findings of Diagboya et al 35 and Fardi et al 36 , who observed a substantial yield of biochar from biomass materials rich in lignin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Liming potential and characteristics of biochar produced from woody and non-woody biomass at different pyrolysis temperatures

Murtaza,

Usman,

Iqbal

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Large amount of wastes are burnt or left to decompose on site or at landfills where they cause air pollution and nutrient leaching to groundwater. Waste management strategies that return these food wastes to agricultural soils recover the carbon and nutrients that would otherwise have been lost, enrich soils and improve crop productivity. The incorporation of liming materials can neutralize the protons released, hence reducing soil acidity and its adverse impacts to the soil environment, food security, and human health. Biochar derived from organic residues is becoming a source of carbon input to soil and provides multifunctional values. Biochar can be alkaline in nature, with the level of alkalinity dependent upon the feedstock and processing conditions. This study conducted a characterization of biochar derived from the pyrolysis process of eggplant and Acacia nilotica bark at temperatures of 300 °C and 600 °C. An analysis was conducted on the biochar kinds to determine their pH, phosphorus (P), as well as other elemental composition. The proximate analysis was conducted by the ASTM standard 1762-84, while the surface morphological features were measured using a scanning electron microscope. The biochar derived from Acacia nilotica bark exhibited a greater yield and higher level of fixed carbon while possessing a lower content of ash and volatile components compared to biochar derived from eggplant. The eggplant biochar exhibits a higher liming ability at 600 °C compared to the acacia nilotica bark-derived biochar. The calcium carbonate equivalent, pH, potassium (K), and phosphorus (P) levels in eggplant biochars increased as the pyrolysis temperature increased. The results suggest that biochar derived from eggplant could be a beneficial resource for storing carbon in the soil, as well as for addressing soil acidity and enhancing nutrients availability, particularly potassium and phosphorus in acidic soils.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Liming potential and characteristics of biochar produced from woody and non-woody biomass at different pyrolysis temperatures

Murtaza,

Usman,

Iqbal

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…They also depend on the chemical characteristics of BC, including the presence of PFRs [ 122 , 123 ]. In this regard, it is of paramount importance to clarify the formation mechanism of free radicals in BC for the optimal management of their properties and their more efficient and safer utilization [ 124 ].…”

Section: Biochar-derived Free Radicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar-Derived Persistent Free Radicals: A Plethora of Environmental Applications in a Light and Shadows Scenario

Alfei,

Pandoli

2024

Toxics

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Biochar (BC) is a carbonaceous material obtained by pyrolysis at 200−1000 °C in the limited presence of O2 from different vegetable and animal biomass feedstocks. BC has demonstrated great potential, mainly in environmental applications, due to its high sorption ability and persistent free radicals (PFRs) content. These characteristics enable BC to carry out the direct and PFRs-mediated removal/degradation of environmental organic and inorganic contaminants. The types of PFRs that are possibly present in BC depend mainly on the pyrolysis temperature and the kind of pristine biomass. Since they can also cause ecological and human damage, a systematic evaluation of the environmental behavior, risks, or management techniques of BC-derived PFRs is urgent. PFRs generally consist of a mixture of carbon- and oxygen-centered radicals and of oxygenated carbon-centered radicals, depending on the pyrolytic conditions. Here, to promote the more productive and beneficial use of BC and the related PFRs and to stimulate further studies to make them environmentally safer and less hazardous to humans, we have first reviewed the most common methods used to produce BC, its main environmental applications, and the primary mechanisms by which BC remove xenobiotics, as well as the reported mechanisms for PFR formation in BC. Secondly, we have discussed the environmental migration and transformation of PFRs; we have reported the main PFR-mediated application of BC to degrade inorganic and organic pollutants, the potential correlated environmental risks, and the possible strategies to limit them.

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Biochar data into structure: A methodology for generating large-scale atomistic representations

Sierra-Jimenez,

Mathews,

Yoo

et al. 2024

Carbon

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Formation and evolution mechanism of persistent free radicals in biochar during biomass pyrolysis: Insights from biochar’s element composition and chemical structure

Cited by 12 publications

References 61 publications

Liming potential and characteristics of biochar produced from woody and non-woody biomass at different pyrolysis temperatures

Liming potential and characteristics of biochar produced from woody and non-woody biomass at different pyrolysis temperatures

Biochar-Derived Persistent Free Radicals: A Plethora of Environmental Applications in a Light and Shadows Scenario

Biochar data into structure: A methodology for generating large-scale atomistic representations

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