Formation and Deposition of Amylose in the Potato Tuber Starch Granule Are Affected by the Reduction of Granule-Bound Starch Synthase Gene Expression

Kuipers, A.; Jacobsen, E.; Visser, Richard G. F.

doi:10.2307/3869673

Cited by 65 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(18 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The reason for variation in inhibition of the gene expression between tubers and tuber sectors is unclear but was also observed in flowers of petunia [14]. The phenotype of co-suppressed plants was very similar to the phenotype of transgenic plants resulting from antisense GBSS inhibition experiments using wild-type genotypes [34,16] and experiments in which amfmutants were partly complemented [ 18,2]. The inhibited GBSS gene expression in the transgenic wild type led to the production of mixed staining starch in greenhousegrown tubers.…”

Section: A Comparison Between Co-suppression Antisense Inhibition Anmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…It is likely that one of these enzymes or intermediate products are a limiting factor for amylose production rather than the GBSS enzyme itself. However, it was found earlier [16] that the amylose content of the blue cores of starch granules from antisense GBSS plants was similar to that of wild-type starch. Thus the amylose content of starch granules was correlated with the size of the blue core in the starch granules.…”

Section: Increased Gbss Activity Gives Only Wild-type Levels ~F Amylosementioning

confidence: 95%

See 1 more Smart Citation

GBSS T-DNA inserts giving partial complementation of the amylose-free potato mutant can also cause co-suppression of the endogenous GBSS gene in a wild-type background

et al. 1996

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The wild-type gene encoding granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS) is capable of both complementing the amylose-free (amf) potato mutant and inhibiting the endogenous GBSS gene expression in wild-type potato. Co-suppression of the endogenous GBSS gene, easily visualised by staining the starch with iodine, occurred when the full-size GBSS sequence (genomic), GBSS cDNA or even the mutant amf allele were introduced into the wild-type potato. Conversely, introduction of the GBSS promoter sequence alone, did not result in co-suppression in the 80 analysed transformants. Neither the orientation of the GBSS gene with respect to kanamycin resistance nor the presence of an enhancer influenced the frequency of plants showing a co-suppression phenotype. After crossing a partially complemented amf mutant with a homozygous wild-type plant, the F1 offspring segregated into plant phenotypes with normal and decreased expression of the GBSS gene. This decreased expression correlated with the presence of a linked block of five T-DNA inserts which was previously shown to be correlated with partial complementation of the amf mutant. This crossing experiment indicates that co-suppression can cause inhibition of gene expression of both inserted and endogenous wild-type GBSS genes. The frequency of partially complemented amf plants was equal to the frequency of co-suppressed wild types when a construct, with an enhancer in front of the GBSS promoter, was used (pWAM 101E). This might suggest that partial complementation of the amf genotype caused by unstable expression of the transgene can be overcome by inserting an enhancer in front of the GBSS promoter.

show abstract

Section: A Comparison Between Co-suppression Antisense Inhibition Anmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Increased Gbss Activity Gives Only Wild-type Levels ~F Amylosementioning

confidence: 95%

GBSS T-DNA inserts giving partial complementation of the amylose-free potato mutant can also cause co-suppression of the endogenous GBSS gene in a wild-type background

et al. 1996

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For instance, a number of studies have established that the amount of GBSS is rate-limiting for amylose biosynthesis during storage (Nelson and Rines, 1962;Tsai, 1974;Visser et al, 1991;Kuipers et al, 1994, Wang et al, 1995. We have already shown that this is not the case during growth and photosynthesis (Libessart et al, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Control of Starch Composition and Structure through Substrate Supply in the Monocellular Alga

Koornhuyse

Libessart

Delrue

et al. 1996

Journal of Biological Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In Chlamydomonas, as in higher plants, synthesis of ADP glucose catalyzed by ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is rate-limiting for the building of starch in the chloroplast. We have isolated disruptions of the STA1 ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase structural gene that rendered the enzyme less responsive to the allosteric activator 3-phosphoglycerate. The structure and composition of the residual starch synthesized by all mutants of the STA1 locus is dramatically altered. The residual polysaccharide is shown to be devoid of amylose despite the presence of granule-bound starch synthase, the amylose biosynthetic enzyme. In addition, the fine structure of the mutant amylopectin revealed the presence of an altered chain-length distribution. This distribution mimicks that which is observed during growth and photosynthesis and differs markedly from that observed during storage. We therefore propose that low nucleotide sugar concentrations are either directly or indirectly responsible for the major differences observed in the composition or structure of starch during storage and photosynthesis.

show abstract

“…Stable expression of inserted genes under field conditions can be achieved in successive clonal generations of transgenic plants, as was found for inhibition of GB S S gene expression in potato tubers [19]. Jongedijk et al [14] have shown that in several transgenic clones of two potato cultivars the inserted PVX coat protein gene is stably expressed throughout the growing season.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Field evaluation of transgenic potato plants expressing an antisense granule-bound starch synthase gene: increase of the antisense effect during tuber growth

et al. 1994

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Transgenic plants of a tetraploid potato cultivar were obtained in which the amylose content of tuber starch was reduced via antisense RNA-mediated inhibition of the expression of the gene encoding granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS). GBSS is one of the key enzymes in the biosynthesis of starch and catalyses the formation of amylose. The antisense GBSS genes, based on the full-length GBSS cDNA driven by the 35S CaMV promoter or the potato GBSS promoter, were introduced into the potato genome by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Expression of each of these genes resulted in the complete inhibition of GBSS gene expression, and thus in the production of amylose-free tuber starch, in mature field-grown plants originating from rooted in vitro plantlets of 4 out of 66 transgenic clones. Clones in which the GBSS gene expression was incompletely inhibited showed an increase of the extent of inhibition during tuber growth. This is likely to be due to the increase of starch granule size during tuber growth and the specific distribution pattern of starch components in granules of clones with reduced GBSS activity. Expression of the antisense GBSS gene from the GBSS promoter resulted in a higher stability of inhibition in tubers of field-grown plants as compared to expression from the 35S CaMV promoter. Field analysis of the transgenic clones indicated that inhibition of GBSS gene expression could be achieved without significantly affecting the starch and sugar content of transgenic tubers, the expression level of other genes involved in starch and tuber metabolism and agronomic characteristics such as yield and dry matter content.

show abstract

Formation and Deposition of Amylose in the Potato Tuber Starch Granule Are Affected by the Reduction of Granule-Bound Starch Synthase Gene Expression

Cited by 65 publications

References 14 publications

GBSS T-DNA inserts giving partial complementation of the amylose-free potato mutant can also cause co-suppression of the endogenous GBSS gene in a wild-type background

GBSS T-DNA inserts giving partial complementation of the amylose-free potato mutant can also cause co-suppression of the endogenous GBSS gene in a wild-type background

Control of Starch Composition and Structure through Substrate Supply in the Monocellular Alga

Field evaluation of transgenic potato plants expressing an antisense granule-bound starch synthase gene: increase of the antisense effect during tuber growth

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About