Formation and degradation mechanism of a novel nanofibrous polyaniline

Ho, Ko‐Shan; Han, Yu‐Kai; Tuan, Yu-Tsung; Huang, Yang‐Tung; Wang, Yen‐Zen; Ho, Te-Wei; Hsieh, Tar‐Hwa; Lin, Jong-Jing; Lin, Su-Chi

doi:10.1016/j.synthmet.2009.02.047

Cited by 32 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The introduction of negative large counter ions by doping polyaniline main chains with sulfonic acids can create excluded volumes between polyaniline molecules and push the backbones away from each other, which allows the construction of so‐called layered structures by developing additional diffraction in the low angle region. Both PANICSA and PANIDBSA demonstrate the layered structures in Scheme and Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous studies, different types of polyaniline nanotube (PANINT) with morphologies of either long or short nanotubes or nanofibers were prepared by emulsion polymerization in the presence of excess n ‐dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) which also behaved as a solubility improving agent with its high solubility in common organic solvents. These DBSA‐doped PANINTs can be well dispersed in organic aromatic solvents like toluene, m ‐cresol etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies on one-dimensional polyanilines prepared withn-dodecylbenzenesulfonic and camphorsulfonic acids

et al. 2015

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Anilinium salts complexed with n-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) and camphorsulfonic acid (CSA) were found to self-assemble into cylindrical micelles with bigger diameters than those complexed with only DBSA or CSA. These cylindrical micelles were polymerized into one-dimensional copolyaniline nanotubes (PANIDBSACSA) via emulsion polymerization, demonstrating various morphologies depending on the ratio of DBSA to CSA. The UV−visible−NIR spectra of neat PANICSA and PANIDBSACSAs illustrate significant free carrier tails in the NIR region and conductivity 10-20 times higher than that of neat PANIDBSA whose UV−visible−NIR spectrum does not illustrate significant carrier tails. When the number of moles of DBSA is equivalent to or exceeds that of CSA in the polymerization mixture, SEM and TEM micrographs of the PANIDBSACSAs reveal that they have larger diameters than that of neat PANIDBSA. Besides, some of the surfaces of the big nanotubes were implanted and mounted with lots of small nanofibers of neat PANICSA polymerized from some of the CSA-complexed aniliniums which were excluded from the cylindrical micelles before polymerization. TGA thermograms of PANIDBSACSAs show an intimate relationship between thermal deprotonation and the DBSA to CSA ratio. X-ray diffraction patterns demonstrate a layered structure arrangement of polyaniline molecules of all one-dimensional nanofibers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on one-dimensional polyanilines prepared withn-dodecylbenzenesulfonic and camphorsulfonic acids

et al. 2015

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“…Surfactant-and Amphiphilic Acid-Assisted Synthesis: PANI-NTs have been prepared by the oxidative polymerization of aniline with APS in an aqueous solution in the presence of SDS [82,328], SDBS [329], a mixture of ionic surfactants (CTAB and SDBS) [204], polymeric acids [330] [337], azobenzenesulfonic acid [88], CSA [338][339][340][341][342][343], 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid [344], 4-[4-hydroxy-2((Z)-pentadec-8-enyl)phenylazo]-benzenesulfonic acid [99,101], DBSA [345,346], naphthol blue black [347], salicylic acid [328,348], stearic acid [106], propionic acid [349], acetic acid [232,[350][351][352][353][354], dicarboxylic acids [107], and amino acids [109,330,355,356]. PANI-NTs were synthesized from different aqueous buffer solutions of aniline [citric acid/phosphate (pH 3 and pH 4) and HCl/phthalate (pH 3)] in the presence of the amino acid alanine [357].…”

Section: Soft (Chemical) Template Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyaniline Nanostructures

Ćirić‐Marjanović

2010

Nanostructured Conductive Polymers

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Polyaniline (PANI) is one of the most extensively studied conducting polymers because of its simple synthesis [1] and doping/dedoping chemistry [2], low cost, high conductivity, and excellent environmental stability. PANI has a wide applicability in rechargeable batteries [3], erasable optical information storage [4], shielding of electromagnetic interference [5], microwave-and radar-absorbing materials [6], sensors [7], indicators [8], catalysts [9], electronic and bioelectronic components [10], membranes [11], electrochemical capacitors [12], electrochromic devices [13], nonlinear optical [14] and light-emitting devices [15], electromechanical actuators [16], antistatic [17] and anticorrosion coatings [18]. Its electromagnetic and optical properties depend mostly on its oxidation state and degree of protonation [19]. The green emeraldine salt form of PANI is conducting ($1-10 S cm À1 for granular powders) [1]. It contains, depending on the synthetic route, variousunits (in the preceeding formulae B, Q and A À denote a benzenoid ring, quinonoid ring and dopant anion, respectively). The blue emer-The preparation of bulk quantities of conducting granular PANI is usually performed Nanostructured Conductive PolymersEdited by Ali Eftekhari by the oxidative polymerization of aniline with ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS) in an acidic aqueous solution (initial pH < 2.0) [1]. Colloidal PANI nanoparticles are prepared by dispersion polymerization of aniline in the presence of various colloidal stabilizers [20,21]. The average size of colloidal PANI nanoparticles decreases with increasing stabilizer/aniline ratio. PANI colloids often have nonspherical (rice grain, needle-like, etc.) core-shell morphology. The colloidal nanoparticle core most likely has a composite nature, i.e. it is composed of both the PANI and the incorporated stabilizer, while the shell is formed by the stabilizer. Nowadays, conducting PANI nanostructures are the focus of intense research owing to their significantly enhanced dispersibility and processability, and substantially improved performance in many applications, in comparison with granular and colloidal PANI [22][23][24][25][26][27]. The continuously growing interest in the study of zero-dimensional (0-D) (solid nanospheres), one-dimensional (1-D) (nanofibers (nanowires), nanorods (nanosticks), nanoneedles, rice-like nanostructures, nanotubes), two-dimensional (2-D) (nanoribbons (nanobelts), nanosheets (nanoplates, nanoflakes, nanodisks, leaf-like nanostructures), nanorings (cyclic nanostructures), net-like nanostructures), and three-dimensional (3-D) PANI nanostructures (hollow nanospheres, dendritic and polyhedral nanoparticles, flower-like, rhizoid-like, brain-like, urchin-like, and star-like nanostructures, etc.) has dramatically increased in recent years (Figure 2.1). The major focus of research has been the preparation, characterization, processing, and application of PANI nanofibers (PANI-NFs) and nanotubes (PANI-NTs). PANI-NFs are 1-D PANI nanoobjects of cylindrical profile with diameters ...

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“…In recent years, electroactive conductive polymers have become more important because they can be used as sensor materials, electrochemical transistors, solar cells, optical display devices, etc. The most widely studied conductive polymers are polyaniline, polypyrrole and polythiophene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycarbazole by chemical oxidative interfacial polymerization: morphology and electrical conductivity based on synthesis conditions

Sangwan

Paradee

Sirivat

2016

Polymer International

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Polycarbazole (PCB) was synthesized via an interfacial polymerization method using carbazole monomer and ammonium persulfate as the oxidizing agent. The effects of surfactant type (non‐ionic Tween 20, cationic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and anionic sodium dodecylsulfate) and concentration on the synthesized PCB were investigated based on the roles of micelle formation. Electron microscopy images revealed various PCB morphologies depending on the surfactant type and concentration. The newly found morphological structures of the PCB were macroporous honeycomb, connected hollow sphere and smaller hollow sphere depending on the surfactant type. The highest electrical conductivity of doped PCB_CTAB obtained was 11.3 ± 0.36 S cm−1. The electrical conductivity values of the doped PCB synthesized with CTAB were higher than that without a surfactant by three orders of magnitude. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry

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Formation and degradation mechanism of a novel nanofibrous polyaniline

Cited by 32 publications

References 39 publications

Studies on one-dimensional polyanilines prepared withn-dodecylbenzenesulfonic and camphorsulfonic acids

Studies on one-dimensional polyanilines prepared withn-dodecylbenzenesulfonic and camphorsulfonic acids

Polyaniline Nanostructures

Polycarbazole by chemical oxidative interfacial polymerization: morphology and electrical conductivity based on synthesis conditions

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