Formate dehydrogenase

Abstract

Formate is a substrate, or product, of diverse reactions catalyzed by eukaryotic organisms, eubacteria, and archaebacteria. A survey of metabolic groups reveals that formate is a common growth substrate, especially among the anaerobic eubacteria and archaebacteria. Formate also functions as an accessory reductant for the utilization of more complex substrates, and an intermediate in energy‐conserving pathways. The diversity of reactions involving formate dehydrogenases is apparent in the structures of electron acceptors which include pyridine nucleotides, 5‐deazaflavin, quinones, and ferredoxin. This diversity of electron acceptors is reflected in the composition of formate dehydrogenase. Studies on these enzymes have contributed to the biochemical and genetic understanding of selenium, molybdenum, tungsten, and iron in biology. The regulation of formate dehydrogenase synthesis serves as a model for understanding general principles of regulation in anaerobic organisms.

Expression inEscherichia coliof an Unnamed Protein Gene fromAspergillus oryzaeRIB40 and Cofactor Analyses of the Gene Product as Formate Oxidase

“…There are many reports on characterization of FDH from various microorganisms and higher plants and on the cloning and expression of their genes. [1][2][3][4][5] On the other hand, only two FODs have been purified from Debaryomyces vanrijiae MH201 and Aspergillus nomius IRI013 and characterized. [6][7][8] These FODs show similar UV-visible spectra, suggesting the presence of similar cofactors in their molecules.…”

A biochemical study of the intermediary carbon metabolism of Shewanella putrefaciens

“…While the oxidation of formate by numerous organisms dunng anaerobiosis is common (15), the assimilation of formate is usually an aerobic process (1,18,26). In those cases in which synthetic purple non-sulfur bacteria (13,40), the latter requiring light, are able to grow on methanol or formate anaerobically.…”

Cloning and Expression of Three Formate Oxidase Genes fromDebaryomyces vanrijiaeMH201

“…Many FDHs have been purified from various microorganisms and higher plants and well characterized. [1][2][3][4][5] Sakai et al reported that the main physiological role of FDH from Candida boidinii, a methylotrophic yeast, appears to be detoxification of formate and that the FDH appears to contribute to the energy yield. 6) On the other hand, there have been only two reports on the properties of FOD from Debaryomyces vanrijiae MH201 and Aspergillu.…”