Formas lipídicas de anfotericina

Botero, Martha C; Puentes-Herrera, Marcela; Cortés, Jorge Alberto

doi:10.4067/s0716-10182014000500002

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The first ones bind to the ergosterol of the fungal cell membrane establishing transmembrane aggregates pores, which causes membrane depolarization which subsequently increases its permeability to monovalent protons and cations. This allows the passage of intracellular molecules to the external environment, initiating an osmotic imbalance, and finally cell death [ 71 , 72 , 73 ]. Echinocandins interfere with the fungal cell wall synthesis through a non-competitive inhibition of β-1,3-glucan synthesis [ 74 ], which results in the weakening of the cell wall, breakdown of cellular integrity and, finally, cell lysis [ 75 ].…”

Section: General Mechanisms Of Antifungal Drug Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Candida glabrata Biofilms: How Far Have We Come?

Rodrigues

Silva

et al. 2017

JoF

105

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Infections caused by Candida species have been increasing in the last decades and can result in local or systemic infections, with high morbidity and mortality. After Candida albicans, Candida glabrata is one of the most prevalent pathogenic fungi in humans. In addition to the high antifungal drugs resistance and inability to form hyphae or secret hydrolases, C. glabrata retain many virulence factors that contribute to its extreme aggressiveness and result in a low therapeutic response and serious recurrent candidiasis, particularly biofilm formation ability. For their extraordinary organization, especially regarding the complex structure of the matrix, biofilms are very resistant to antifungal treatments. Thus, new approaches to the treatment of C. glabrata’s biofilms are emerging. In this article, the knowledge available on C. glabrata’s resistance will be highlighted, with a special focus on biofilms, as well as new therapeutic alternatives to control them.

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Section: General Mechanisms Of Antifungal Drug Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Candida glabrata Biofilms: How Far Have We Come?

Rodrigues

Silva

et al. 2017

JoF

105

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“…AmB binds to the ergosterol of the fungal cell membrane, establishing transmembrane aggregate pores, causing membrane depolarization with a subsequent increase in membrane permeability to monovalent protons and cations. This allows the passage of intracellular molecules to the external environment, initiating an osmotic imbalance and, finally, cell death [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. This drug, produced by Streptomyces nodosus , is part of the macrolides class, and is characterized by a macrocyclic ring lactone, with a hydrophobic and one hydrophilic domain, giving it an amphipathic characteristic that confers low solubility in aqueous solutions at physiological pH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With low bioavailability via oral administration, AmB is a highly hydrophobic weak base, with a low aqueous solubility of approximately 1 ng/mL at pH 7 [ 14 , 15 ], needing to beproduced as a complex with another agent to enable its clinical use, assodium deoxycholate. The possible administration routes are intravenous, intra-articular, intravesical, intrathecal, in injuries and applied in surgical sites [ 12 , 13 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AmB deoxycholate (AmB-Deox) has been used during recent years due to the rise in the number of immunosuppressed patients suffering invasive fungal infections, but has been related to a high rate of side effects, particularly renal toxicity [ 13 , 17 ]. Therefore, other formulations have been developed: a lipid formulation (liposomal, AmBisome ® , Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA, USA), a lipid complex (Abelcet ® , Sigma Tau Pharmaceuticals, Pomezia, Italy), and a colloidal suspension (Amphocil ® , Penn Pharmaceuticals, Ltd., Tredegar, UK), which share the same antifungal spectrum but differ in efficacy and toxicity [ 13 , 17 ]. The liposomal formulation (AmB-L) is constituted by 50–100 µm spheres, and is composed of hydrogenated phosphatidylcholine soy, 25% cholesterol, sterically attached to distearylphosphatidyl glycerol (DSPG) and AmB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Every AmB molecule within the liposome is complexed with DSPG and cholesterol, which allows it to escape the initial clearance of the sarcoplasmatic reticulum; but once captured, the concentrations in the liver and spleen increase as it decreases in the plasma. Consequently, it is guaranteed that there are no AmB-L residues in blood, reaching the highest serum concentrations [ 13 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Liposomal and Deoxycholate Amphotericin B Formulations: Effectiveness against Biofilm Infections of Candida spp.

Rodrigues

Henriques

2017

Pathogens

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Background: candidiasis is the primary fungal infection encountered in patients undergoing prolonged hospitalization, and the fourth leading cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections. One of the most important Candida spp. virulence factors is the ability to form biofilms, which are extremely refractory to antimicrobial therapy and very difficult to treat with the traditional antifungal therapies. It is known that the prophylaxis or treatment of a systemic candidiasis are recurrently taken without considering the possibility of a Candida spp. biofilm-related infections. Therefore, it is important to assess the effectiveness of the available drugs and which formulations have the best performance in these specific infections. Methods: 24-h-biofilms of four Candida spp. and their response to two amphotericin B (AmB) pharmaceutical formulations (liposomal and deoxycholate) were evaluated. Results: generally, Candida glabrata was the less susceptible yeast species to both AmBs. MBECs revealed that it is therapeutically more appealing to use AmB-L than AmB-Deox for all Candida spp. biofilms, since none of the determined concentrations of AmB-L reached 10% of the maximum daily dose, but both formulations showed a very good capacity in the biomass reduction. Conclusions: the liposomal formulation presents better performance in the eradication of the biofilm cells for all the species in comparison with the deoxycholate formulation.

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Preparation, characterization and toxicity evaluation of amphotericin B loaded MPEG-PCL micelles and its application for buccal tablets

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2017

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Oral candidiasis or thrush is a fungal infection due to Candida albicans, causing discomfort in areas inside mouth or tongue. The clinical application of antifungal reagent amphotericin B (AMB), which is believed to offer a better treatment for oral candidiasis, is greatly compromised by its toxicities (mainly nephrotoxicity) and poor solubility. In order to overcome these issues, we characterized AMB-loaded MPEG-PCL micelles in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the antifungal activities of AMB/MPEG-PCL micelles-loaded buccal tablet were also evaluated in vitro. We found that micelles system could significantly improve the solubility of AMB yet reduce the overall toxicity, while the buccal tablet system is capable to suppress C. albicans biofilm formation. Furthermore, the toxicity of the buccal tablet system is also reduced compared with other standard preparations. Therefore, the prepared tablet with AMB-loaded MPEG-PCL micelles as oral topical preparations has the potential to improve current treatment of superficial oral C. albicans infections.

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Formas lipídicas de anfotericina

Cited by 16 publications

References 62 publications

Candida glabrata Biofilms: How Far Have We Come?

Candida glabrata Biofilms: How Far Have We Come?

Liposomal and Deoxycholate Amphotericin B Formulations: Effectiveness against Biofilm Infections of Candida spp.

Preparation, characterization and toxicity evaluation of amphotericin B loaded MPEG-PCL micelles and its application for buccal tablets

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