Formalizing Syntheses of Medical Knowledge: The Rise of Meta-Analysis and Systematic Reviews

Bohlin, Ingemar

doi:10.1162/posc_a_00075

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The history of systematic reviews is relatively recent [4,5] and despite early work on meta-ethnography [6], the field has been dominated by the development and application of statistical meta-analysis of controlled trials to synthesize the evidence on the effectiveness of health and social interventions. Over the past 10 years, other methods for reviewing have been developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clarifying differences between review designs and methods

2012

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This paper argues that the current proliferation of types of systematic reviews creates challenges for the terminology for describing such reviews. Terminology is necessary for planning, describing, appraising, and using reviews, building infrastructure to enable the conduct and use of reviews, and for further developing review methodology. There is insufficient consensus on terminology for a typology of reviews to be produced and any such attempt is likely to be limited by the overlapping nature of the dimensions along which reviews vary. It is therefore proposed that the most useful strategy for the field is to develop terminology for the main dimensions of variation. Three such main dimensions are proposed: (1) aims and approaches (including what the review is aiming to achieve, the theoretical and ideological assumptions, and the use of theory and logics of aggregation and configuration in synthesis); (2) structure and components (including the number and type of mapping and synthesis components and how they relate); and (3) breadth and depth and the extent of ‘work done’ in addressing a research issue (including the breadth of review questions, the detail with which they are addressed, and the amount the review progresses a research agenda). This then provides an overarching strategy to encompass more detailed descriptions of methodology and may lead in time to a more overarching system of terminology for systematic reviews.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clarifying differences between review designs and methods

2012

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“…As Smith et al (2016) highlight, we have seen a significant rise in the number of published papers in the field of medicine, particularly reviews and meta-analyses (Bohlin 2012). About 10% of all published articles are reviews and 1% are meta-analyses.…”

Section: Methodsology Underlying Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How have systematic reviews and meta-analyses benefited psychiatry?

Mitchell

2016

BJPsych advances

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“…Nevertheless, many meta-analyses of MI interventions have since studied MI as a single object. With the growing importance of meta-analyses as highly valued standardized methods for effects evaluations (Bohlin, 2012), the fluidity of MI has been disregarded, obscuring its complexity and variability (Björk, 2013). While interventions often aim to change a specific behavior, MI's essential outcome is in fact Bchange talk^: the person's self-motivational statements for change (Miller & Rollnick, 2013).…”

Section: Motivational Interviewing: the Development Of A Bfluid^intermentioning

confidence: 99%

Motivational Interviewing as Evidence-Based Practice? An Example from Sexual Risk Reduction Interventions Targeting Adolescents and Young Adults

Bahner

Stenqvist

2019

Sex Res Soc Policy

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This paper critically examines sexual risk reduction interventions, more specifically how they are evaluated and the implications that this has for sexual health policy. The focus is on motivational interviewing (MI) interventions which aim to promote protective behaviors related to sexual risk on the part of young people. MI has become increasingly popular, largely due to it being a highly flexible counseling approach that may, with adequate staff training, and fidelity in implementation, be tailored to many different settings (e.g., health care, schools and in community work). Following a scoping review that comprised 34 papers, of which 29 were unique studies, the range and type of existing research were examined. The results show a wide range of study designs and evaluation procedures, MI conceptualizations, modes of MI delivery, and the particular sub-populations of youth and sexual risk behaviors targeted. While this makes it difficult to draw any generalized conclusions about Bwhat works^in prevention, it provides important insights about the complexity of sexual risk behavior as well as complex behavioral treatment approaches like MI. We therefore problematize the political drive to implement evidence-based methods without adequate resource allocation and contextual adaptation.

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Formalizing Syntheses of Medical Knowledge: The Rise of Meta-Analysis and Systematic Reviews

Cited by 21 publications

References 59 publications

Clarifying differences between review designs and methods

Clarifying differences between review designs and methods

How have systematic reviews and meta-analyses benefited psychiatry?

Motivational Interviewing as Evidence-Based Practice? An Example from Sexual Risk Reduction Interventions Targeting Adolescents and Young Adults

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