2005
DOI: 10.1007/s10350-005-0030-z
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Formalin Application in the Treatment of Chronic Radiation-Induced Hemorrhagic Proctitis—An Effective But Not Risk-Free Procedure: A Prospective Study of 33 Patients

Abstract: Formalin application is an effective treatment for chronic radiation-induced hemorrhagic proctitis. However, local morbidity is not negligible. This result may be related to the high proportion of anal cancers in the series. In our opinion, therefore, formalin application should be reserved for severe hemorrhagic proctitis refractory to medical treatment and should be thoroughly discussed in cases of anorectal radiation-induced stricture, prior anal incontinence, or treated anal cancer.

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Cited by 90 publications
(75 citation statements)
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References 34 publications
(102 reference statements)
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“…64,65 The technique involves the direct application of 4% formalin to the affected area using a rigid proctoscope with either a formalin-soaked gauze or by direct instillation to induce chemical cauterization of telangiectatic mucosal vessels. 11,64 In several small, nonrandomized studies, the short-term success rate of this technique ranged from 60% to 100%.…”
Section: Topical Formalinmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…64,65 The technique involves the direct application of 4% formalin to the affected area using a rigid proctoscope with either a formalin-soaked gauze or by direct instillation to induce chemical cauterization of telangiectatic mucosal vessels. 11,64 In several small, nonrandomized studies, the short-term success rate of this technique ranged from 60% to 100%.…”
Section: Topical Formalinmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…64,65 The technique involves the direct application of 4% formalin to the affected area using a rigid proctoscope with either a formalin-soaked gauze or by direct instillation to induce chemical cauterization of telangiectatic mucosal vessels. 11,64 In several small, nonrandomized studies, the short-term success rate of this technique ranged from 60% to 100%. [66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73] The documented complications, including perianal ulcerations and fissures, anal stenosis, and fecal incontinence, occurred in 27% of patients.…”
Section: Topical Formalinmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…no entanto, não é isenta de complicações 3,5,6 . o reto é o órgão mais comumente lesado após a irradiação pélvica 3,4,[7][8][9][10] , devido à sua posição fixa e sua relação anatômica com os sítios-alvo do tratamento [2][3][4]6,7,[10][11][12] . …”
unclassified
“…Diversas medidas têm sido utilizadas, incluindo a terapia oral (derivados do ácido salicílico -5-aSa), terapias de instilação retal (corticosteroides, sucralfato ou 5-aSa), tratamento tér-mico (eletrocoagulação bipolar ou laser) e oxigenoterapia hiperbárica 5,7,[8][9][10][11][13][14][15]19 . Porém, a maioria das opções permite somente o controle das formas leves da doença (grau i e ii) 3,12,15,16,23 , não se mostrando eficazes em casos mais graves (grau iii) e refratários 3,4,6,7,11,15,23 . …”
unclassified
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