Formaldehyde-Induced Shrinkage of Rat Thymocytes

Nakao, Hiromi; Umebayashi, Chisato; Nakata, Mami; Nishizaki, Yasutaka; Noda, Katuhiko; Okano, Yoshiro; Oyama, Yasuo

doi:10.1254/jphs.91.83

Cited by 35 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This is also reported by Parthasarathy et al (2006). Formaldehyde, the first metabolite of methanol, increases the population of shrunken cells, dead cells and hydolipid cells (Nakao et al, 2003). This reduction was also associated with the histological changes in the 90 days aspartame administered animals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Imbalance of the oxidant - antioxidant status by aspartame in the organs of immune system of Wistar albino rats

Choudhary¹,

Devi²

2014

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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Aspartame (L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester) is one of the most widely artificial sweeteners consumed in so many products worldwide in various countries which added to a large variety of food, most commonly found in low calorie beverages. On metabolism in humans and experimental animals, aspartame is rapidly and completely metabolized to aspartic acid (40%), phenylalanine (50%) and methanol (10%). Methanol, a toxic metabolite is primarily metabolized by oxidation to formaldehyde and then to formate; these processes are accompanied by the formation of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide. This study focus is to understand whether the oral administration of aspartame (40 mg/kg b.w) for 15, 30 and 90 days have any effect on the antioxidant status (enzymatic and non-enzymatic) in immune organs such as the spleen, thymus, lymph nodes and bone marrow of rats. To mimic human methanol metabolism, folate deficient rats were used. After 15 days of aspartame administration, animals showed a significant increase in free radical production as indicated by the increase in both enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) and non-enzymatic (reduced glutathione and vitamin C) antioxidant level along with the marked increase in lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide level. However, after repeated long term administration (30 and 90 days), the generation of reactive free radicals overwhelmed the antioxidant defense as indicated by an increase in lipid peroxidation with the decrease in antioxidants level. This study concludes that administration of aspartame even at the Food and Drug Administration permitted level its repeated exposure causes oxidative stress by altering the oxidant/antioxidant balance in immune organs of the rats and its effects also reflected in the histology of the spleen and lymph nodes

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Imbalance of the oxidant - antioxidant status by aspartame in the organs of immune system of Wistar albino rats

Choudhary¹,

Devi²

2014

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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“…However, eugenol fails to give rise to DNA adducts in mouse liver as detected by 32 P-postlabeling (17). 4) Formaldehyde is carcinogenic to animals, mutagenic to bacteria, yeast and Drosophila melanogaster, and cytotoxic and clastogenic to mammalian cells and plants (18,19). Morphological transformation and UDS are induced in SHE cells treated with formaldehyde (10, 11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ability of Fourteen Chemical Agents Used in Dental Practice to Induce Chromosome Aberrations in Syrian Hamster Embryo Cells

et al. 2005

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Abstract. To assess the genotoxicity of 14 chemical agents used in dental practice, the ability of these agents to induce chromosome aberrations was examined using Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) cells. Statistically significant increases in the frequencies of chromosome aberrations were induced in SHE cells treated with 7 of 10 chemical agents used as endodontic medicaments, that is, carbol camphor, m-cresol, eugenol, guaiacol, zinc oxide, hydrogen peroxide, and formaldehyde. The other 3 chemical agents, that is, thymol, glutaraldehyde, and iodoform, did not increase the levels of chromosome aberrations. Of the 4 chemical agents that are used as an antiseptic on the oral mucosa, chromosome aberrations were induced by iodine, but not by the other 3 antiseptics, benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, and chlorhexidine. Among the 6 chemical agents exhibiting a negative response in the assay, only thymol induced chromosome aberrations in the presence of exogenous metabolic activation. Our results indicate that chemical agents having a positive response in the present study are potentially genotoxic to mammalian cells and need to be studied further in detail.

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“…Nakao, Umebaysh et al defined that concentration of FA in blood is about 100 μм [24]. 50, 200, 600 μм FA were used in the investigation.…”

Section: T a B L E 1 Biochemical Parameters Of Oxidative Stress Devementioning

confidence: 99%

Aldehydes participation in oxidative stress in rat thymocytes in vitro

Tokarchuk¹,

Ov²

2014

Ukr.Biochem.J.

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Formaldehyde-Induced Shrinkage of Rat Thymocytes

Cited by 35 publications

References 11 publications

Imbalance of the oxidant - antioxidant status by aspartame in the organs of immune system of Wistar albino rats

Imbalance of the oxidant - antioxidant status by aspartame in the organs of immune system of Wistar albino rats

Ability of Fourteen Chemical Agents Used in Dental Practice to Induce Chromosome Aberrations in Syrian Hamster Embryo Cells

Aldehydes participation in oxidative stress in rat thymocytes in vitro

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