Formaldehyde

Abstract

Formaldehyde is the first of the series of aliphatic aldehydes. It was discovered by Butlerov in 1859 and has been manufactured since the beginning of the twentieth century. At ordinary temperatures formaldehyde is a colorless gas with a pungent odor. Because of its relatively low cost, high purity, and variety of chemical reactions, formaldehyde has become on of the world's most important industrial and research chemicals. Historically, formaldehyde has been and continues to be manufactured from methanol via the silver catalyst process or the the metal oxide catalyst process. New processes are under development. Sources of human exposure to formaldehyde are many, ie, engine exhaust, tobacco smoke, natural gas, waste incineration, etc. It is known to be a human carcinogen. Formaldehyde is a basic chemical building block for the production of a wide range of chemicals. Its biggest use is in the production of industrial resins; urea‐formaldhyde; phenol formaldehyde; and melamine formaldehyde. It is also used, eg, in the production of 1,4‐butanediol, polyols, chelating agents, slow release fertilizers, hexamethylenetetramine, and paraformaldehyde.

Impact of e-Liquid Composition, Coil Temperature, and Puff Topography on the Aerosol Chemistry of Electronic Cigarettes

“…They reported approximately half of the formaldehyde in the particle phase, whereas our PTFE filters did not trap formaldehyde. Formaldehyde is a wellknown volatile organic compound with a very high vapor pressure (>0.8 atm at −20 °C); 96 thus, it should be in the gas phase at room temperature if present in the carbonyl form. However, it can also exist in aqueous-like solutions to some extent as methanediol, which will lower its vapor pressure.…”

Plastic waste associated with the COVID-19 pandemic: Crisis or opportunity?

“…If formaldehyde is mixed with air, it will ignite fire and explode easily. In addition, irritant effect towards skin, eyes or respiratory tract will be triggered if the concentration of formaldehyde is more than 1 ppm ( Gerberich and Seaman, 2013 ). Goggles and gloves must be worn when handling it to provide protection on skin and eyes.…”

Chemical looping methanol oxidation using supported vanadium phosphorous oxide carriers for formaldehyde production

“…The yield of both these processes ranges from 86 to 92%. 1,11,12 However, due to its higher selectivity and lower operating temperatures, the Formox process has more market share than the silver process. 13 Despite the widespread deployment of the two catalytic processes at the industrial scale, certain drawbacks still remain unsolved.…”

“…The yield of both these processes ranges from 86 to 92%. 1,11,12 However, due to its higher selectivity and lower operating temperatures, the Formox process has more market share than the silver process. 13…”