Formal Verification of Control Modules in Cyber-Physical Systems

Grobelna, Iwona

doi:10.3390/s20185154

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…FV is a rigorous mathematical technique that proves that a system (including its hardware and software components) satisfies specific properties or requirements. When applied to CPS software, FV offers several benefits: FV instills high confidence in critical safety properties, which are vital for safety-critical CPS applications [25]; FV methods validate real-time properties, ensuring critical tasks meet timing requirements [26]; FV provides stability and performance of control algorithms in CPS [27]; Coupling formal methods with model-based design ensures accurate representation of system requirements and design [28]; FV spots flaws, inconsistencies, and ambiguities in specifications pre-implementation saving time and resources [29]; safety-critical domains often necessitate FV for demonstrating compliance with standards [30].…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A type system for formal verification of cyber-physical systems C/C++ software

Manzhos,

Sokolova

2024

reks

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The subject: This study focuses on improving the quality of Cyber-Physical System (CPS) software by eliminating incorrect usage of units of measurement and orientation in C/C++ programs. Incorrect usage often leads to critical errors that conventional systems cannot effectively prevent. Manual examination of code using dimensional and orientation analysis can detect these errors in physical equations, but these methods become impractical when dealing with complex physical computations. Objectives: As suggested by Siano, the proposed approach uses physical quantities and prefixes defined by the International System of Units and orientation operations on physical objects. The elaborated system incorporates dimensional and orientation analysis and metaprogramming techniques. The methods used are dimensional & orientational analysis and metaprogramming. The following results were obtained: ensuring consistency of the units, incorporating orientation operations into the programming model for accurately handling physical object rotations and alignments, and using Siano’s work to precisely manipulate object orientation, thereby reducing the likelihood of orientation-related errors. Checking physical dimensions and orientations during the compilation stage identifies potential software defects before code execution, thereby reducing debugging time and lowering the cost of addressing issues later in development. The elaborated system represents a crucial step towards safer and more dependable Cyber-Physical System applications. This approach allows us to identify approximately 90% of incorrect usage of program variables; additionally, it detects over 50% of erroneous operations during compilation and execution of large-scale programs in real-world conditions. Conclusions. Scientific novelty: it proposed and developed a specialized C++-type library for formal compile-time software verification of Cyber-Physical Systems software. The proposed C++-type library leverages dimensional and orientational analysis to enhance software quality, reliability, and real-time formal verification. Although the proposed method for formal verification is not tailor-made for cyber-physical objects and systems, given its primary focus on software-level concerns, it does exhibit adaptability for verifying general-purpose software that incorporates various physical parameters. This versatility extends to diverse domains such as educational, gaming, and simulation software.

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Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A type system for formal verification of cyber-physical systems C/C++ software

Manzhos,

Sokolova

2024

reks

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“…Utilizing Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) devices to identify keys and electronic keys, the system employs a coded protection mechanism. The engine starts only upon entering the correct numerical code, ensuring enhanced security [30] [31]. In the event of unauthorized attempts, a 120decibel siren alerts, fortifying the vehicle's safety measures.…”

Section: Advancements In Vehicle Tracking Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancing Road Safety: Precision Driver Detection System with Integrated Overspeed, Alcohol Detection, and Tracking Capabilities

Alsayaydeh,

Yusof,

Mohan

et al. 2023

IJACSA

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In response to ongoing concerns about road accidents linked to overspeeding and drunk driving, this study introduces a groundbreaking solution: The Integrated Driver Safety system. It is a comprehensive vehicle safety system designed for real-time prevention. Crafted with cutting-edge components including ESP32, MQ3 sensor, relay, and GPS, this system operates on a dual framework. It swiftly detects instances of over speeding, triggering immediate email alerts, while concurrently inhibiting engine ignition upon detecting alcohol consumption, actively thwarting drunk driving attempts. This proactive approach not only provides real-time notifications but physically prevents intoxicated driving, drastically reducing accidents caused by these factors. With an impressive overspeed detection accuracy surpassing 95% and an efficient alcohol monitoring system, this technology cultivates responsible driving habits. Its potential widespread adoption foretells a future where road safety reaches unprecedented levels, underscoring the industry's dedication to innovation and safer driving experiences. Through this research, a compelling case emerges for the global embrace of these innovative preventive measures, illuminating a path toward significantly enhanced road safety standards.

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“…Statistical model checking [139,140], which combines simulation and statistical methods for the analysis of stochastic systems, can be used as an alternative to symbolic model checking with the exhaustive exploration of the whole state space. Both formal verification methods are currently being applied to a wide variety of systems, including manufacturing systems [141][142][143][144] or even in the nuclear industry [145]. Formal verification can also be applied for specifications based on Petri nets [12,13,44,120].…”

Section: Difficulties In Modelling Of Real Industrial Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in Application of Petri Nets in Manufacturing Systems

Grobelna

Karatkevich

2021

Electronics

Self Cite

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Petri nets are a useful mathematical formalism for specification of manufacturing systems, supported by various analysis and verification methods. The progress made in automating control systems and the widespread use of Industry 4.0 pose a number of challenges to their application, starting from the education at university level and ending with modelling of real case studies. The paper aims to present and analyse the most relevant challenges and opportunities related to the use of Petri nets as a modelling technique of manufacturing systems. The review of the literature is primarily based on the years 2019–2020 to reflect the current state of the art. The newest approaches to deadlock prevention and recovering, but also other important analysis problems and difficulties in modelling real industrial processes are discussed. Trends for the future are also identified.

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Formal Verification of Control Modules in Cyber-Physical Systems

Cited by 8 publications

References 80 publications

A type system for formal verification of cyber-physical systems C/C++ software

A type system for formal verification of cyber-physical systems C/C++ software

Advancing Road Safety: Precision Driver Detection System with Integrated Overspeed, Alcohol Detection, and Tracking Capabilities

Challenges in Application of Petri Nets in Manufacturing Systems

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