Analogs of the anticancer natural product oximidine II were prepared and evaluated for cytotoxicity. One analog of oximidine II that is carrying a C15 allylic amide side chain and two analogs, carrying C15 vinyl sulfone side chains, did not show cytotoxicity again the cancer cell line SK-Mel-5, thereby confirming the necessity of the C15 enamide side chain of oximidine II for cytotoxicity. Four analogs, designed by CoMSIA (comparative molecular similarity index analysis), featuring a less complex macrolactone scaffold were prepared and tested. The two analogs, carrying a C15 vinyl sulfone group, and the two analogs carrying the C15 oximidine II enamide side chain showed weak cytotoxicity against the SK-Mel-5 cell line and other cell lines, indicating that the designed simplified macrocycles cannot replace the oximidine II macrocycle.