Injecting a sufficiently large energy density into an isolated many-particle system prepared in a state with long-range order will lead to the melting of the order over time. Detailed information about this process can be derived from the quantum mechanical probability distribution of the order parameter. We study this process for the paradigmatic case of the spin-1/2 Heisenberg XXZ chain. We determine the full quantum mechanical distribution function of the staggered subsystem magnetization as a function of time after a quantum quench from the classical Néel state. This provides a detailed picture of how the Néel order melts and reveals the existence of an interesting regime at intermediate times that is characterized by a very broad probability distribution.Introduction. -A fundamental objective of quantum theory is to determine probability distribution functions of observables in given quantum states. In fewparticle systems the time evolution of such probability distributions provides a lot of useful information beyond what is contained in the corresponding expectation values. Recent advances in cold-atom experiments have made possible not only the study of non-equilibrium time evolution of (almost) isolated many-particle systems [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13], but given access to the full quantum mechanical probability distributions of certain observables [14][15][16][17][18]. This provides an opportunity to gain new insights about the coherent dynamics of many-particle quantum systems. One intriguing question one may ask is how order melts, or forms, when an isolated many-particle system is driven across a phase transition. Related questions have been studied in solids, but there one essentially deals with open quantum systems and has access to very different observables, see e.g. [19,20]. The basic setup we have in mind is as follows. Let us consider a system of quantum spins with Hamiltonian H that is initially prepared in a state with density matrix ρ(0). In this state there is long-range order characterized by a local order parameter O =