“Forget to Whom You Have Told This Proverb”: Directed Forgetting of Destination Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease

Haj, Mohamad El; Gandolphe, Marie Charlotte; Allain, Philippe; Fasotti, Luciano; Antoine, Pascal

doi:10.1155/2015/215971

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…This account has been supported by studies showing that older adults are prone to interference in verbal working memory, visuospatial working memory, and even implicit memory [52, 53]. Regarding AD, studies have shown difficulties in suppressing no longer relevant information in working memory [33], semantic memory [34], and episodic memory [35, 36]. Therefore, AD patients tend to maintain information from past task performance, even when this information is no longer relevant for the current situation [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…These deficits have been observed in studies using the directed forgetting task in which participants are typically instructed to remember or forget certain types of information for a later memory test [32]. Research using the directed forgetting method suggests that AD patients experience difficulties when they are asked to suppress no longer relevant information in working memory [33], semantic memory [34], and episodic memory [35, 36].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Negative Prospective Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease: “Do Not Perform That Action”

Haj

Yann

Kapogiannis

et al. 2017

JAD

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Relatively to "standard" prospective memory, i.e., remembering to perform a future action, little is known about negative prospective memory, i.e., remembering not to perform a future action. This study investigated the latter ability in Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD participants and healthy older adults were asked to click on the keyboard or not to click on it when a cue word was encountered. Results showed more omissions (i.e., forgetting to click the keyboard when the instruction was to do so) in AD participants than in healthy older adults, suggesting a prospective memory deficit. Interestingly, more commissions (i.e., clicking the keyboard when the instruction was not to do so) were also observed in AD participants than in healthy older adults. Similar levels of commissions and omissions were observed in AD participants and in healthy older adults. Also, commissions and omissions were correlated with performance on an inhibition assessment task. Our findings reveal that AD is characterized by not only difficulty in the retrieval of recent information, but also difficulty to inhibit no-longer appropriate stimulus-response associations previously learned, suggesting a specific deficit of negative prospective memory in AD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative Prospective Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease: “Do Not Perform That Action”

Haj

Yann

Kapogiannis

et al. 2017

JAD

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“…The involvement of inhibition in decline of autobiographical in aging has been pointed out by a study showing a diminished ability to inhibit no-longer relevant semantic autobiographical memories in normal aging [43]. According to these authors, difficulties in inhibiting irrelevant information hamper memory retrieval by activating irrelevant memories at the expense of relevant ones (for a similar view, see [44][45][46]. Interestingly, another study has found that updating, rather than inhibition, is the source of diminished autobiographical specificity in normal aging, supporting the core role of updating in autobiographical functioning in aging [47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-defining Memories in Normal Aging

Haj

Gallouj

2019

CAS

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Background: Self-defining memories refer to events that are vivid, effectively intense, and include enduring concerns about oneself. Objective: We investigated the relationship between the production of these memories in normal aging and the ability to integrate new information into existing knowledge in memory (i.e., updating). Method: Older participants were asked to perform an updating task as well as to retrieve autobiographical memories that were later analyzed for their self-defining relevance. Results: Analyses showed significant positive correlations between updating and the production of self-defining memories. Conclusion: Updating our life story is an important psychological process,which enables us to refine and enrich our life story with new experiences, roles and/or challenges, and this ability seems to be related to the capacity to produce memories that draw on the pursuit of long-term goals, meaning making, emotional regulation, and/or activation of self-images (i.e., self-defining memories). These findings suggest that updating one’s identity throughout life, at least in normal aging, may be related to the shaping and retrieval of self-defining memories, memories that lead to the creation of narrative scripts, which themselves serve as the ingredients for “chapters” across the lifespan.

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“…Emotional and personality characteristics variables may also be considered; for instance, older adults may simply tend to "speak their minds" more than younger adults. As for pathological aging, it would be of interest to investigate whether inhibitory compromise, as observed in Alzheimer disease [36][37][38][39][40] , would be associated with a low tendency to deceive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Lower Tendency to Deceive in Aging and Inhibitory Compromise

Haj¹,

Antoine²

2017

Gerontology

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Background: Deception can be associated with a heterogeneous network of concepts such as exaggeration, misleading, white lies, and faking. This paper assesses the tendency to deceive in aging. Objective: Our main aim was to assess whether older adults would demonstrate a low tendency to deceive. Methods: A total of 42 older adults (mean age 67.64 years, SD 7.87) and 45 younger adults (mean age 21.71 years, SD 2.66) were administered a deception scale including items such as “I sometimes tell lies if I have to” or “I never take things that don't belong to me.” Participants were also administered an inhibition task. Results: The results demonstrated a low tendency to deceive and low inhibition in older adults compared with younger ones. The low tendency to deceive in the older adults was significantly correlated with their diminished inhibitory ability. Discussion: The low tendency to deceive in aging seems to be related to a difficulty in inhibiting an honest response. Since inhibitory compromise has been considered mainly to trigger negative consequences for cognition, the present paper illustrates how this age-related compromise can be associated with positive social outcomes, i.e., a low tendency to deceive.

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“Forget to Whom You Have Told This Proverb”: Directed Forgetting of Destination Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease

Cited by 24 publications

References 59 publications

Negative Prospective Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease: “Do Not Perform That Action”

Negative Prospective Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease: “Do Not Perform That Action”

Self-defining Memories in Normal Aging

Relationship between Lower Tendency to Deceive in Aging and Inhibitory Compromise

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