Forest structure more important than topography in determining windthrow during Hurricane Juan in Canada’s Acadian Forest

Taylor, Anthony R.; Dracup, Evan; MacLean, David A.; Endicott, Sarah

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2018.12.026

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In southern pines, trees of larger size classes suffer greater damage and mortality following hurricanes [ 7 , 60 ]. Taylor et al [ 25 ] made similar observations in Acadian forests of Canada where taller and older trees were more vulnerable to windthrow. Younger, smaller trees have higher ratio of living sapwood to heartwood than older trees, which makes them elastic and flexible [ 61 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Several factors influence forest vulnerability and response to hurricane damage, with wind speed and forest structure being among the most important [ 24 , 25 ]. Local topography and exposure of an area may cause little to significant effect on the windthrow damage to the forest stands [ 25 , 26 ]. Mortality, in general, is more common in the mature age classes than in the juvenile and younger age classes [ 7 , 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In southern pine forests, for example, longleaf pine ( Pinus palustris ) has been found to be less affected than other species following hurricanes [ 30 – 34 ]. Stands of taller and older trees could also be more vulnerable to windthrow than stands of younger, shorter trees [ 25 ]. Stand density has varying effects on windstorm resilience depending on previous silvicultural treatments as well as the stage of stand development [ 24 , 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have made assessments of forest damage and responses after major storm events across the world (e.g., [ 25 , 37 – 41 ]), with some specifically focused on the southern US (e.g., [ 7 , 30 , 31 , 42 – 44 ]. Most of these studies have assessed damage soon after hurricanes and/or analyzed short-term changes to forest structure and function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term effects of catastrophic wind on southern US coastal forests: Lessons from a major hurricane

et al. 2021

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Threats posed by windstorms are an increasing concern to forest managers in the southern United States (US). Studies suggest that the southern US will experience an increase in the occurrence as well as the intensity of windstorms, such as hurricanes, in the future. However, forest managers may have difficulty preparing for this future because there is limited understanding of how windstorms affect the structure and composition of forests over the long term. In this study, we evaluated the impacts of Hurricane Ivan, which made landfall in September 2004 near Gulf Shore, Alabama, impacting forests in the western Florida Panhandle and southwestern Alabama. We acquired the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) plot data available for the period from 2002 to 2018 for the Ivan-affected area and classified the plots into 4 categories: (1). ND (No Disturbance), (2). NDBH (No Disturbance but Harvested), (3). ID (Disturbance caused by Hurricane Ivan), and (4). IDAH (Disturbance caused by Hurricane Ivan and Harvested). The plots that were damaged by Hurricane Ivan (ID and IDAH plots) had significantly (α = 0.05) (1) higher basal area, (2) higher quadratic mean diameter and height, (3) more diverse tree species composition (species richness and Shannon diversity index), (4) denser stocking of seedling and saplings, (5) lower proportion of dead trees or saplings, and (6) higher live aboveground biomass than the plots that were not damaged by the hurricane (ND and NDBH plots). Diverse stands were not necessarily more windstorm resistant. Species diversity in the overstory may not improve forest resistance to hurricane damage but may improve its resilience following the hurricane. The study suggests that managing stand structure through density management and stand improvement could be critical to windstorm resilience and resistance in the southern US forests.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term effects of catastrophic wind on southern US coastal forests: Lessons from a major hurricane

et al. 2021

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“…Thereissignificantresearchdiscussingthereasonsbehind fo rest vulnerability to wind damage. Besides wind speed, other contributing factors include topography (Kramer et al 2001, Kulakowski & Veblen 2002, Seidl et al 2011, fo rest com position including prior damage with logging among others (Mitchell et al 2001, Rich et al 2007, Taylor et al 2019, and stand type: natural growth or plantation (Mori moto et al 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The first record of catastrophic windthrow in boreal forests of South Sakhalin and the South Kurils (Russia) during October 2015 tropical cyclones

Korznikov¹,

Kislov²,

Belyaeva³

2019

Bot Pac

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Climate‐driven shifts in leaf senescence are greater for boreal species than temperate species in the Acadian Forest region in contrast to leaf emergence shifts

Spafford

MacDougall

Steenberg³

2023

Ecology and Evolution

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The Acadian Forest Region is a temperate‐boreal transitional zone in eastern North America which provides a unique opportunity for understanding the potential effects of climate change on both forest types. Leaf phenology, the timing of leaf life cycle changes, is an important indicator of the biological effects of climate change, which can be observed with stationary timelapse cameras known as phenocams. Using four growing seasons of observations for the species Acer rubrum (red maple), Betula papyrifera (paper/white birch) and Abies balsamea (balsam fir) from the Acadian Phenocam Network as well as multiple growing season observations from the North American PhenoCam Network we parameterized eight leaf emergence and six leaf senescence models for each species which span a range in process and driver representation. With climate models from the Fifth Phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) we simulated future leaf emergence, senescence and season length (senescence minus emergence) for these species at sites within the Acadian Phenocam Network. Model performances were similar across models and leaf emergence model RMSE ranged from about 1 to 2 weeks across species and models, while leaf senescence model RMSE ranged from about 2 to 4 weeks. The simulations suggest that by the late 21st century, leaf senescence may become continuously delayed for boreal species like Betula papyrifera and Abies balsamea, though remain relatively stable for temperate species like Acer rubrum. In contrast, the projected advancement in leaf emergence was similar across boreal and temperate species. This has important implications for carbon uptake, nutrient resorption, ecology and ecotourism for the Acadian Forest Region. More work is needed to improve predictions of leaf phenology for the Acadian Forest Region, especially with respect to senescence. Phenocams have the potential to rapidly advance process‐based model development and predictions of leaf phenology in the context of climate change.

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Forest structure more important than topography in determining windthrow during Hurricane Juan in Canada’s Acadian Forest

Cited by 33 publications

References 36 publications

Long-term effects of catastrophic wind on southern US coastal forests: Lessons from a major hurricane

Long-term effects of catastrophic wind on southern US coastal forests: Lessons from a major hurricane

The first record of catastrophic windthrow in boreal forests of South Sakhalin and the South Kurils (Russia) during October 2015 tropical cyclones

Climate‐driven shifts in leaf senescence are greater for boreal species than temperate species in the Acadian Forest region in contrast to leaf emergence shifts

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