Forest Resources and Conditions

McWilliams, William H.; Heath, Linda S.; Reese, Gordon C.; Schmidt, Thomas L.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-1256-0_1

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Acer saccharum , B. papyrifera and Q. rubra are all important components of eastern North American forests (McWilliams et al ., 2000), often growing in association with each other (Samuelson & Hogan, 2003). They range considerably in shade tolerance and silvical traits.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They range considerably in shade tolerance and silvical traits. Acer saccharum is shade tolerant and a late‐successional dominant of mesic sites (Delcourt & Delcourt, 2000; McWilliams et al ., 2000; Samuelson & Hogan, 2003). It often occupies cool north‐facing slopes and is replacing pioneer species of oak as it competes against less shade‐tolerant hardwoods (Fralish & Franklin, 2002).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative sectoriality in temperate hardwoods: hydraulics and xylem anatomy

Ellmore

Zanne

Orians

2006

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

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In wood, lateral transport of water and minerals occurs readily in 'integrated' trees but is more restricted in 'sectored species'. Dye distribution and a novel hydraulic technique are used to quantify species-specific differences in sectoriality in three temperate hardwoods, Betula papyrifera , Acer saccharum and Quercus rubra. Sectoriality was related to key elements of xylem structure: intervascular pitting, vessel diameter and vessel grouping. Perfusion of 0.5% safranin through isolated roots showed root-to-branch dye transport was most extensive in B. papyrifera and least extensive in Q. rubra . To test sectorialty using hydraulics, 20 m M KCl solution was pushed at 0.1 MPa through 5-cm wood segments, before and after occluding the direct axial outlet with glue, with flow rate measured in grams of solution expelled over time. Direct (axial) conductance (g MPa − 1 s − 1 ) through unglued outlets was compared with indirect (tangential) conductance around occluded outlets. Species with high indirect/direct conductance ratios (Integration Index) are the most integrated. Integration Index ranged from 0.26 in B. papyrifera to 0.02 in Q. rubra . Macerates showed that B. papyrifera has much greater percentage of cell wall area covered with intervascular pits than does A. saccharum or Q. rubra . Vessel grouping was closest in B. papyrifera and vessels were most isolated in Q. rubra . Widest diameter vessels occurred in Q. rubra , where they concentrated in springwood. Intervascular pitting, vessel diameter and grouping are wood traits that contribute to the continuum of sectoriality in trees, and may influence the ability of tree species to dominate in homogeneous or in patchy environments.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative sectoriality in temperate hardwoods: hydraulics and xylem anatomy

Ellmore

Zanne

Orians

2006

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

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show abstract

“…The US national DDW survey does not explicitly measure stumps; however, if the DDW inventory is properly linked to the standing tree inventory, then using tree removals for stump C estimation is possible. McWilliams et al (2000) found that the magnitude of stump C stocks in northern US forests was notable enough to include in large-scale analyses. To facilitate rapid data dissemination to the public and efficient analysis among diverse ecosystem components measured using differing sample protocols, a National Information Management Systems (NIMS) has been developed to manage newer forest inventory data used in the US NGHGI (Alerich et al, 2005).…”

Section: Challenges and Opportunities For Improving A National Ddw C mentioning

confidence: 97%