Forest melliferous resources as a sustainable development factor of beekeeping

Abstract

The management of beekeeping on forest lands is a vivid manifestation of the multifunctional use of forests, which is based on its target cultivation. The work shows the development of beekeeping, identifies factors affecting the sustainable development of this industry, sets priorities for increasing the efficiency of utilization of forest honey resources of the Southern Urals, including the main melliferous - Tilia cordata Mill. The nature and characteristics of the influence of weather and climatic factors on the growth of bee colonies, their physiological state, composition, age representation of natural melliferous woody plants, the onset dates and the duration of their flowering were determined. It was found that, of the silvicultural and inventory indicators, the composition and age, density and type of forest most strongly influence the yield of honey. The activities of forest care are close to them in terms of importance. A system of organizational measures has been proposed, through which high efficiency of using forest feed resources and sustainable development of beekeeping can be achieved: keeping an optimal number of bee colonies in an apiary - up to 150 hives, based on providing one bee colony of 50-60 thousand individuals with at least 130 kg of nectar; the location of apiaries in the 3-kilometer zone of growth of forest melliferous plants, taking into account the productive emergence of bees in the 2.5-3.0 km; establishing clear nomadic routes based on a geobotanic inventory of forest and agricultural melliferous plants. Increasing the target indicator - the nectar productivity of forests without a gap in their use both in space and in time - can be achieved by growing multi-tiered forests of different age from Tilia cordata Mill.

Distribution and natural regeneration of Tilia cordata Mill. in Ukrainian plain forests in a changing climate

“…Natural seed regeneration of small-leaved lime under the stand canopy and on cut-over sites is generally poor (Pigott 1975;Murakhtanov 1981;Hordienko and Karpenko 1996;Radoglou et al 2009;Shayakhmetov and Sejdafarov 2016;Kalenyuk 2018, 2019;Kalenyuk and Zaika 2019, Sultanova et al 2019. This is due to unfavourable conditions for the germination of lime seeds and further development of advance growth such as high air temperature, overgrowth of grass vegetation and lack of moisture in the soil.…”

“…), European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karsten) and hornbeam. The small-leaved lime trees are propagated successfully by seeds and shoots from stumps (Iurkevich et al 1998;Sultanova et al 2019Sultanova et al , 2020. Smallleaved lime seedlings appear and develop if the light is 2.0-2.5% of full sunlight (Shayakhmetov and Sejdafarov 2016).…”

“…(Svejgaard 2003;Radoglou et al 2009;De Jaegere et al 2016) Small-leaved lime is of considerable economic importance. It is actively used in landscaping and field shelterbelts planting as a soil-shading-associated species for ravine stands in the forest-steppe and steppe zones in Ukraine Tsvetkova and Saranenko 2018;Sultanova et al 2019). Lime stands are not only a source for meeting the ever-increasing demand for wood, bark and non-wood products but also an important bee forage.…”

Feeding stimulates functional abilities of queen bees of the Carpathian subspecies

“…In this regard, more and more beekeepers, specialists and scientists are interested in medicines prepared on the basis of natural sources of biologically active substances or their full synthetic analogues, used for the prevention and stimulation of vital activity, increasing immunity, resistance to stress factors and treatment of diseases [10].…”

Effectiveness of Bacillus subtilis (Vitafort) probiotic used for raising broiler chickens

“…Feed additives and various Bacillus subtilis are introduced into the diet to enrich it with minerals and vitamins and increase the feed palatability (38). Therefore, the probiotic Vitafort (12), probiotic Prolam (8), probiotic lactobacilli (22,25), preparations of the Vetom series (35), bee products (36), biologics (16), nano-and microparticles of copper (24), and feed made from sturgeon (4) are introduced into the diet of animals and birds to increase the digestibility and use of the nutrients of mixed feed.…”