Forest evaporation models: relationships between stand growth and evaporation

Maitre, David C. Le; Versfeld, D. B.

doi:10.1016/s0022-1694(96)03144-7

Cited by 33 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This assumption is contradicted by the typical sigmoidal change in streamflow with increasing tree or stand age observed in long-term studies (e.g. Bosch and Von Gadow, 1990;Dye, 1996;Le Maitre and Versfeld, 1997;Zhao et al, 2012), which is the result of increasing plant size and canopy cover. Initially a plantation comprises small saplings with < 1% canopy cover, and streamflow reductions are not detectable.…”

Section: Refining the Water-use Modelmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Initially a plantation comprises small saplings with < 1% canopy cover, and streamflow reductions are not detectable. As the trees grow, the reductions in streamflow increase rapidly until they reach an asymptote (maximum) at about the stage when canopy cover reaches 100%, which is well before biomass peaks (Le Maitre and Versfeld, 1997). Unfortunately, there are insufficient data on the rate of canopy cover increase for invading plant species to be able to parameterise such a sigmoidal relationship.…”

Section: Refining the Water-use Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Estimates of the impacts of invasive alien plants on water flows in South Africa

Maitre¹,

Forsyth²,

Dzikiti³

et al. 2016

WSA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The adverse impacts of alien plant invasions on water flows have been a prime motivation for South Africa's Working for Water Programme. The approach used in this study builds on a previous national assessment in 1998 by incorporating factors that limit plant water-use, information from recent research and improved flow reduction models. The total reduction in flows is estimated to be 1 444 million m . The taxon with the greatest estimated impact was wattles (Acacia mearnsii, A. dealbata, A. decurrens) with 34.0% of the total reductions, followed by Pinus species (19.3%) and Eucalyptus species (15.8%). The revised estimate is considered on the low side largely because the extent and impacts of riparian invasions have been underestimated. If the current estimates that 4-6% of Acacia mearnsii, Eucalyptus, Populus and Salix invasions are riparian, are adjusted to a more representative 20%, 50%, 80% and 80%, respectively, the total reductions increase by nearly 70% to ~2 444 million m 3 ·yr −1. Producing these estimates involved a number of assumptions and extrapolations, and further research is needed to provide more robust estimates of the impacts.

show abstract

Section: Refining the Water-use Modelmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Refining the Water-use Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimates of the impacts of invasive alien plants on water flows in South Africa

Maitre¹,

Forsyth²,

Dzikiti³

et al. 2016

WSA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…After afforestation in wet areas, the amount of direct runoff initially decreases rapidly, then gradually becomes constant, and baseflow increases slowly as stand age increases towards maturity (Fukushima, 1987;Kobayashi, 1987), suggesting that reforestation and afforestation help to reduce flooding and enhance water conservation. In water-limited areas, afforestation, especially plantations of species with high water demand, can cause a significant reduction in streamflow, affecting the inhabitants of the basin (Le Maitre and Versfeld, 1997), and reducing water flow to other ecosystems and rivers, thus affecting aquifers and recharge (Jackson et al, 2005 Stopping or slowing deforestation and forest degradation (loss of carbon density) and sustainable management of forests may significantly contribute to avoided emissions, may conserve water resources and prevent flooding, reduce runoff, control erosion, reduce siltation of rivers, and protect fisheries and investments in hydro-electric power facilities; and at the same time preserve biodiversity (Parrotta, 2002). [WGIII 9.7.2] Preserving forests conserves water resources and prevents flooding.…”

Section: 4]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance and Resilience of A Stream Salamander To Supraseasonal Drought

2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…492 E. F. Viglizzo et al: The dynamics of cultivation and floods their effect can be contrasting between temperate/tropical and wet/dry regions (Le Maitre and Versfeld, 1997;Calder 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dynamics of cultivation and floods in arable lands of Central Argentina

Viglizzo

Jobbágy

Carreño

et al. 2009

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Although floods in watersheds have been associated with land-use change since ancient times, the dynamics of flooding is still incompletely understood. In this paper we explored the relations between rainfall, groundwater level, and cultivation to explain the dynamics of floods in the extremely flat and valuable arable lands of the Quinto river watershed, in central Argentina. The analysis involved an area of 12.4 million hectare during a 26-year period , which comprised two extensive flooding episodes in 1983-1988 and 1996-2003. Supported by information from surveys as well as field and remote sensing measurements, we explored the correlation among precipitation, groundwater levels, flooded area and land use. Flood extension was associated to the dynamics of groundwater level. While no correlation with rainfall was recorded in lowlands, a significant correlation (P <0.01) between groundwater and rainfall in highlands was found when estimations comprise a time lag of one year. Correlations between groundwater level and flood extension were positive in all cases, but while highly significant relations (P <0.01) were found in highlands, non significant relations (P >0.05) predominate in lowlands. Our analysis supports the existence of a cyclic mechanism driven by the reciprocal influence between cultivation and groundwater in highlands. This cycle would involve the following stages: (a) cultivation boosts the elevation of groundwater levels through decreased evapotranspiration; (b) as groundwater level rises, floods spread causing a decline of land cultivation; (c) flooding propitiates higher evapotranspiration Correspondence to: E. F. Viglizzo (evigliz@cpenet.com.ar) favouring its own retraction; (d) cultivation expands again following the retreat of floods. Thus, cultivation would trigger a destabilizing feedback self affecting future cultivation in the highlands. It is unlikely that such sequence can work in lowlands. The results suggest that rather than responding directly and solely to the same mechanism, floods in lowlands may be the combined result of various factors like local rainfall, groundwater level fluctuations, surface and subsurface lateral flow, and water-body interlinking. Although the hypothetical mechanisms proposed here require additional understanding efforts, they suggest a promising avenue of environmental management in which cultivation could be steered in the region to smooth the undesirable impacts of floods.

show abstract

Forest evaporation models: relationships between stand growth and evaporation

Cited by 33 publications

References 17 publications

Estimates of the impacts of invasive alien plants on water flows in South Africa

Estimates of the impacts of invasive alien plants on water flows in South Africa

Resistance and Resilience of A Stream Salamander To Supraseasonal Drought

The dynamics of cultivation and floods in arable lands of Central Argentina

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About