Forest Ecosystem Services: Issues and Challenges for Biodiversity, Conservation, and Management in Italy

Vizzarri, Matteo; Tognetti, Roberto; Marchetti, Marco

doi:10.3390/f6061810

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…However, human management which aims to maximize the economic income of forests may potentially undermine the biodiversity [68] and weaken the forest resilience [69,70]. In the long-term, the relaxation of human management would potentially increase the diversity of planted forests and then enhance the forest resilience.…”

Section: Differences Between Planted and Natural Forestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting Responses of Planted and Natural Forests to Drought Intensity in Yunnan, China

Luo

Zhou

et al. 2016

Remote Sensing

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Abstract:In recent decades, the area and proportion of planted forests have increased; thus, understanding the responses of planted and natural forests to drought are crucial because it forms the basis for forest risk assessments and management strategies. In this study, we combined the moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) enhanced vegetation index (EVI), meteorological aridity indices, and standardized precipitation evapotranspiration indices (SPEI) to identify the drought responses of planted and natural forests. In particular, we used the EVI standard anomaly (ESA) as a physiological drought indicator and analyzed the applicability of SPEIs at time scales of 1-30 months, thereby determining the optimal time scale for the SPEI (SPEI opt ), i.e., the SPEI that best represents the drought responses of forests in Yunnan. Next, we employed the optimal SPEI and the ESA as indices to statistically analyze the response characteristics of planted and natural forests under different drought intensities. The results indicated the following: (1) The SPEI in June and a time scale of five months (i.e., SPEI Jun,5 ) comprise the optimal meteorological aridity indicator for forests in Yunnan Province, which had the strongest correlation with the EVI standard anomaly (ESA Jun ). (2) All forest types were affected by drought in Yunnan, but their responses varied according to the forest type, elevation, and drought intensity. In general, natural forests are more vulnerable and sensitive to drought than planted forests, especially natural coniferous forests at low (0-2000 m) and moderate (2000-4000 m) altitudes, and natural mixed forest at low altitudes (0-2000 m). (3) The remote sensing-based ESA (ESA Jun ) is sensitive to the intensity of water stress, which makes it a good indicator for drought monitoring. In addition, the forests' inventory survey revealed that 8.05% of forests were affected by drought; thus, we used this as a guide to estimate an approximate threshold to map forest responses to drought across the region. Below this approximate threshold (i.e., ESA Jun <´3.85), severe drought-induced effects on forests may occur. Given that natural forests are more vulnerable and sensitive to drought than the planted forests, natural forests need more careful management, especially in the context of projected increases in extreme drought events in the future.

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Section: Differences Between Planted and Natural Forestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting Responses of Planted and Natural Forests to Drought Intensity in Yunnan, China

Luo

Zhou

et al. 2016

Remote Sensing

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“…It is defined as "The direct and indirect contributions of ecosystems to human wellbeing" (TEEB 2010). Ecosystem services provide various materials and non-material benefits to human beings (Costanza et al 1997;Nelson et al 2009;Vizzarri et al 2015;Englund et al 2017). These services are grouped into four broad categories of provisioning, regulating, cultural and supporting ES.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ecosystem services concept was initially introduced to raise public awareness on the importance of biodiversity for human existence and to conserve biodiversity. Forest is thus, the main sources of ecosystem services and are fundamental for life support systems (Vizzarri et al 2015). Forest ecosystem services have direct and indirect services.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of forest ecosystem service research trends and methodological approaches at global level: a meta-analysis

Mengist

Soromessa

2019

Environ Syst Res

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Ecosystem service (ES) is a growing field of research characterized by an increase in publication number. The review was conducted to provide an overview of trends of forest ecosystem services (FES) research and methodological approach to studied FES. Currently, the number of publications on ES was more than 18,000, but small publications were linked with FES. Based on the selection criteria, 41 peer-reviewed publications were screened to analyze the type of FES studied and the method used to quantify ES. The result showed that most of the research articles, to date, had focused largely on provisioning, regulating and cultural ecosystem services, which were timber production, water supply, carbon sequestration, and recreation. FES like a pollination, genetic resources, pest regulation, and aesthetic values have not been studied in any literature reviews. The review result showed that different studies used diverse methodological approaches and had inconsistent and scattered conclusions. From the selected studies, the majority of them were conducted in Europe and Asia. Particularly, the publication number from Ethiopia was very low and needs to conduct studies before the forest resources are further degraded. which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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“…A representative and wide network of protected areas (i.e., National Parks) has been a robust tool for conserving natural Mediterranean vegetation; the areas remain as refuges for several species and are cradles of diversity that can aid the expansion of natural vegetation under appropriate management policies [254]. The application of more sophisticated models, incorporating terrestrial ecosystem structure, ecosystem-service values at geographic scales and influencing factors such as climate, human activities and other variables, can provide very useful guidelines for making appropriate decisions to preserve the quality and quantity of ecosystem services as best as possible [255,256].…”

Section: The Role Of Management and Economymentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Global Change on Mediterranean Forests and Their Services

Peñuelas

Sardans

Filella

et al. 2017

Forests

122

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The increase in aridity, mainly by decreases in precipitation but also by higher temperatures, is likely the main threat to the diversity and survival of Mediterranean forests. Changes in land use, including the abandonment of extensive crop activities, mainly in mountains and remote areas, and the increases in human settlements and demand for more resources with the resulting fragmentation of the landscape, hinder the establishment of appropriate management tools to protect Mediterranean forests and their provision of services and biodiversity. Experiments and observations indicate that if changes in climate, land use and other components of global change, such as pollution and overexploitation of resources, continue, the resilience of many forests will likely be exceeded, altering their structure and function and changing, mostly decreasing, their capacity to continue to provide their current services. A consistent assessment of the impacts of the changes, however, remains elusive due to the difficulty of obtaining simultaneous and complete data for all scales of the impacts in the same forests, areas and regions. We review the impacts of climate change and other components of global change and their interactions on the terrestrial forests of Mediterranean regions, with special attention to their impacts on ecosystem services. Management tools for counteracting the negative effects of global change on Mediterranean ecosystem- services are finally discussed.

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Forest Ecosystem Services: Issues and Challenges for Biodiversity, Conservation, and Management in Italy

Cited by 31 publications

References 60 publications

Contrasting Responses of Planted and Natural Forests to Drought Intensity in Yunnan, China

Contrasting Responses of Planted and Natural Forests to Drought Intensity in Yunnan, China

Assessment of forest ecosystem service research trends and methodological approaches at global level: a meta-analysis

Impacts of Global Change on Mediterranean Forests and Their Services

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