Forest Ecology

Kimmins, J. P.

doi:10.1002/9780470995242.ch2

Cited by 189 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…8). However, factors such as declivity, water table, light availability, temperature and levels of human activity, were not evaluated and these can also influence the disposition of the landscape and the composition of the soil (Kimmins 1987). Further studies are needed in order to confirm the distribution and arrangement of the species in the restingas.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do edaphic aspects alter vegetation structures in the Brazilian restinga?

2013

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do edaphic aspects alter vegetation structures in the Brazilian restinga?

2013

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“…As a result, natural disturbances on sites with similar conditions generally favor the cycling of the same plant communities; that is, they enable the postdisturbance recovery process to produce stands similar to the predisturbance state. Studies focusing on forest succession in dominant communities at the landscape scale have typically shown that the same site factors produce the same compositional stands (Whittaker 1953;Finegan 1984;Kimmins 1987;Oliver and Larson 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shift of Conifer Boreal Forest to Lichen–Heath Parkland Caused by Successive Stand Disturbances

Payette

Delwaide

2003

Ecosystems

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In the southern boreal forest (Qué bec, Canada), tree harvesting is a major disturbance affecting the dominant black spruce (Picea mariana) stands already suffering from naturally recurrent insect and fire disturbances. Although recovery of the spruce forest after an insect infestation or a fire is possible under current site conditions, it is less likely when both types of disturbance occur during a short period of time. The addition of yet another disturbance, such as tree harvesting, can thus have catastrophic consequences. We analyzed the impact of three successive disturbances-tree harvesting, insect infestation, and fire-on the regeneration of boreal spruce-moss forests within a period of approximately 50 years. The spruce forests were harvested in the 1940s and the 1950s. Recovery from the logging consisted of advance regeneration (spruce layers less than 1 m high that were left intact during clear-cuts), which was burned in 1991. The vegetation cover (mostly heath and lichen species) and soil conditions (acidic, nutrientpoor podzolic soils developed from coarse materials) of the postfire sites that we studied were similar. Stand structure and tree regeneration were documented from large quadrats (0.25 ha) using age, size, and tree ring data from postlogged and postfire spruce. At an early stage of development, the growing advance regeneration was damaged by insect defoliators in the late 1970s and the mid1980s, and several trees died a few years before the 1991 fire. The successive disturbances considerably reduced the number of seed-bearers, leading to the collapse of postfire regeneration and a shift to parkland. Through a successional trajectory far from the expected trend for boreal forests influenced by single disturbance, the shift resulted in the formation of divergent plant communities. The development of divergent communities at the landscape scale is generally overlooked due to their small size. They indicate, however, the weak resilience of boreal forests faced with cascading perturbations, which are likely to increase in intensively logged areas.

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“…Forest harvesting primarily affects the soil environment as a consequence of tree removal and changes in soil physical properties caused by soil modification by harvesting equipment (Froehlich and McNabb 1984;Waring and Schlesinger 1985;Kimmins 1987). Depending on the amount of trees removed and the understory remaining, forest harvesting decreases transpiration, increases soil heating and its diurnal fluctuations, and leaves a large amount of slash, forest litter and dying tree roots that are easily decomposed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil biological activity in recent clearcuts in west-central Alberta

Startsev¹,

McNabb²,

Startsev³

1998

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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. 1998. Soil biological activity in recent clearcuts in west-central Alberta. Can. J. Soil Sci. 78: 69-76. Soil biota response to changes in the soil physical environment following forest harvesting is relatively unknown in boreal forests. Soil biological activity was measured at four sites with Luvisolic soil following clear-cut forest harvesting. Aerobic respiration rate and cellulose decomposition in flooded soils were measured on soil samples collected from treatment plots subjected to tree removal only and tree removal associated with three levels of skidding activity immediately after clear-cut harvesting and after 1 and 2 yr. More than half of variation in respiration and cellulose decomposition rates was related to soil properties. Soil respiration rate increased significantly after 1 yr but was not affected by skidder traffic. Cellulose decomposition was highest in soil with air-filled porosity <0.10 m 3 m -3 , and increased significantly with skidder traffic. Air-filled porosity measured in the field at the time of harvest indicated a poorly aerated environment that becomes wetter in subsequent years. The results imply that soil had biota well adapted to poor soil aeration. The development of a fully anaerobic soil environment following forest harvesting only occurred on compacted soil after heavy precipitation, but partial anaerobiosis of these boreal forest soils was common. Although partial anaerobiosis increased decomposition rate, it is considered sufficient to adversely affect the growth of plant roots and change the availability and mobility of nutrients.Key words: Forest harvesting, soil compaction, biological activity, respiration rate, decomposition rate, Alberta, boreal forests Startsev, N. A., McNabb, D. H. et Startsev, A. D. 1998. Activité biologique du sol dans des coupes à blanc récentes dans le centre-ouest de l'Alberta. Can. J. Soil Sci. 78: 69-76. On connaît relativement peu de choses sur la réponse de la faune et de la flore des sols forestiers aux modifications physiques du milieu tellurique résultant de la coupe du bois. Nous avons mesuré l'activité biologique du sol à 4 emplacements sur sols luvisoliques à la suite de coupes à blanc de la forêt. Le taux de respiration en aéro-biose ainsi que de décomposition de la cellulose en sols ennoyés étaient mesurés sur des échantillons de sol prélevés dans des parcelles exposées à l'enlèvement des arbres seul ou combiné à trois intensités de débardage mécanique, immédiatement après la coupe et 1 et 2 ans plus tard. Plus de la moitié de la variation des taux de respiration et des taux de décomposition de la cellulose était reliée aux propriétés du sol. Le taux d'activité respiratoire du sol augmentait significativement après un an mais ne semblait pas influencé par l'intensité des activités de débardage. L'activité cellulolytique la plus forte s'observait dans le sol ayant une porosité en air inférieure à 0,10 m 3 m -3 et elle augmentait significativement selon l'intensité des activités de débardage. La porosité en air mesuré à l'époque de l...

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Forest Ecology

Cited by 189 publications

References 45 publications

Do edaphic aspects alter vegetation structures in the Brazilian restinga?

Do edaphic aspects alter vegetation structures in the Brazilian restinga?

Shift of Conifer Boreal Forest to Lichen–Heath Parkland Caused by Successive Stand Disturbances

Soil biological activity in recent clearcuts in west-central Alberta

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