Forest and Nut Trees

Smith, Dale M.; Arnold, Sara von; Eriksson, Tage; Handro, Walter; Isikawa, H.; Ilahi, Ihsan; Karnosky, David F.; Mickler, A.; McComb, J.A.; Bennett, I.J.; Sita, G. Lakshmi; Skolmen, Roger G.; Oka, Seibi; Ohyama, Katsuo; Viéitez, A. M.; Vieitez, M. L.; Vieitez, E.; Kester, Dale E.; Liu, L.; Fenton, C. Ariel Lou; Durzan, D. J.; Pannetier, Catherine; Buffard-Morel, Jacqueline

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-70576-2_10

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The positive effect of combining low temperature and darkness in the induction phase (for the first 2 weeks) was observed in P. pinea L., which rooted at a higher percentage at 19°C compared with 25°C (Ragonezi et al 2010). This is in agreement with the results reported for P. menziesii (Cheng and Voqui 1977) and P. radiata (Smith 1986). A possible explanation for the effect of low temperature and darkness in promoting ARF was given by Hartmann et al (2002).…”

Section: Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 81%

Adventitious rooting of conifers: influence of physical and chemical factors

Ragonezi

Klimaszewska

Castro

et al. 2010

Trees

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In conifers, vegetative propagation of superior genotypes is the most direct means for making large genetic gains, because it allows a large proportion of genetic diversity to be captured in a single cycle of selection. There are two aims of vegetative propagation, namely large-scale multiplication of select genotypes and production of large numbers of plants from scarce and costly seed that originates from controlled seed orchard pollinations. This can be achieved, in some species, either through rooted cuttings or rooted microshoots, the latter regenerated through tissue culture in vitro. Thus far, both strategies have been used but often achieved limited success mainly because of difficult and inefficient rooting process. In this overview of technology, we focus on the progress in defining the physical and chemical factors that help the conifer cuttings and microshoots to develop adventitious roots. These factors include plant growth regulators, carbohydrates, light quality, temperature and rooting substrates/media as major variables for development of reliable adventitious rooting protocols for different conifer species.

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Section: Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 81%

Adventitious rooting of conifers: influence of physical and chemical factors

Ragonezi

Klimaszewska

Castro

et al. 2010

Trees

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“…Horgan and Aitken (1981) and Smith (1986) reported that 82% and 65%, respectively, of genotypes were able to produce adventitious shoots from cotyledons of mature seed. This robust and reliable regeneration system has been the basis of a programme for genetic engineering Pinus radiata using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Transgenic Pinus radiata from Agrobacterium tumefaciens?mediated transformation of cotyledons

2004

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A method for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of Pinus radiata cotyledon explants was developed using commercially available open-pollinated seed. Pinus radiata is the most widely planted commercial conifer species in the Southern Hemisphere. Reports on transformation of this species have relied on particle bombardment of embryogenic callus derived from immature embryos. The main drawback to the method is the small number of genotypes that are amenable to transformation and regeneration. Since more than 80% of genotypes of radiata pine can be regenerated using cotyledons from mature seed, cotyledon explants were cocultivated with A. tumefaciens strain AGL1 containing a plasmid coding for the neomycin phosphotransferase II (nptII) gene and the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) gene (uidA). Transformed shoots were selected using either geneticin or kanamycin. Critical factors for successful transformation were survival of the cotyledons after cocultivation and selection parameters. Of the 105 putative transformants that were recovered from selection media, 70% were positive for integration of the nptII gene when analysed by PCR. GUS histochemical assay for uidA expression was unreliable because of reaction inhibition by unidentified compounds in the pine needles. Further, only 4 of the 26 independent transformants characterised by PCR and Southern analysis contained an intact copy of both genes. The remaining 22 transformants appeared to have a truncated or rearranged copy of the T-DNA. It is possible that the truncation/rearrangements are due to the Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter. Analysis of the T-DNA junction sites and sequencing of the introduced DNA will help elucidate the nature of T-DNA insertion so that genetic modification of radiata pine can be targeted effectively.

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“…In P. radiata the majority of genotypes are able to produce many adventitious shoots from the cotyledons (Aitken-Christie et al 1988;Horgan and Aitken 1981;Smith 1986). Commercial clonal propagation of desirable genotypes by cuttings and shoots is well established in the New Zealand forestry industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic transformation of micropropagated shoots ofPinus radiataD.Don

Grant

Cooper

Dale

2015

Preprint

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Key Message Agrobacterium tumefaciens was used to transform radiata pine shoots and to efficiently produce stable genetically modified pine plants.Abstract Micropropagated shoot explants from Pinus radiata D. Don were used to produce stable transgenic plants by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Using this method any genotype that can be micropropagated could produce stable transgenic lines. As over 80% of P. radiata genotypes tested can be micropropagated, this effectively means that any line chosen for superior characteristics could be transformed. There are well-established protocols for progressing such germplasm to field deployment. Here we used open and control pollinated seed lines and embryogenic clones. The method developed was faster than other methods previously developed using mature cotyledons. PCR positive shoots could be obtain within 6 months of Agrobacterium co-cultivation compared with 12 months for cotyledon methods. Transformed shoots were obtained using either kanamycin or geneticin as the selectable marker gene. Shoots were recovered from selection, were tested and were not chimeric, indicating that the selection pressure was optimal for this explant type. GFP was used as a vital marker, and the bar gene, (for resistance to the herbicide Buster ® ) was used to produce lines that could potentially be used in commercial application. As expected, a range of expression phenotypes were identified for both these reporter genes and the analyses for expression were relatively easy.

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Forest and Nut Trees

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Adventitious rooting of conifers: influence of physical and chemical factors

Adventitious rooting of conifers: influence of physical and chemical factors

Transgenic Pinus radiata from Agrobacterium tumefaciens?mediated transformation of cotyledons

Genetic transformation of micropropagated shoots ofPinus radiataD.Don

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