Forensic Autopsy of Human Decomposed Bodies as a Valuable Tool for Prevention

Maujean, G.; Vacher, P; Bagur, Jacques; Guinet, Tiphaine; Malicier, D.

doi:10.1097/paf.0000000000000266

Cited by 8 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Como já visto, a necrópsia de um corpo em decomposição é um verdadeiro desafio aos patologistas forenses. As alterações post-mortem devido à putrefação e à autólise incluem dano tecidual e menor disponibilidade de matrizes biológicas 9 .…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Entretanto, a necrópsia geralmente responde a muitas perguntas levantadas pela investigação, e pode ser uma ferramenta valiosa de prevenção, tornando possível a definição de um perfil de pessoas em risco de morrerem sozinhas 9 .…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Para avaliar e formular alguma informação que auxilie na prevenção de pessoas que morrem sozinhas e para melhor diagnóstico da causa de morte, é preferível que se saibam alguns dados antemortem, como o estado de saúde prévio, idade, sexo e isolamento social 9 .…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Sobre os dados post-mortem, é importante saber as condições da descoberta (local e data de morte), o grau de putrefação do corpo, seu exame radiográfico, análise toxicológica, análise histopatológica, procedimento de identificação (DNA, odontológico, impressões digitais, radiografia, reconhecimento visual ou investigação policial), causa e modo da morte 9 . Dos 350 casos analisados no estudo de Maujean et al 9 , foi observado histórico psiquiátrico em 101 casos (28,9%); vício em 80 (22,6%), sendo 89% destes relacionado a alcoolismo crônico; doença cardiovascular em 73 (20,9%); e doença neoplásica em 20 casos (5,7%). A maioria foi encontrada em locais fechados, sendo a maior parte destes em seus lares.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

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Dificuldades diagnósticas da causa mortis em cadáveres decompostos

Porto

Miziara

2019

Saúde ética justiça

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Os autores clássicos da Medicina Legal brasileira fornecem uma base sólida para o estudo da decomposição cadavérica. Por meio da leitura de seus livros, notou-se que a marcha da decomposição é composta de fases ocorridas em períodos específicos, que podem se sobrepor ou ter seus rumos alterados por fatores que vão, desde o ambiente em que o cadáver se encontra, até sua compleição física e comorbidades em vida. Com o objetivo específico de aprender como contornar tais dificuldades durante as investigações e necropsias destes casos, foi realizado levantamento bibliográfico de artigos científicos nas bases PubMed, Scielo e Scopus, pelos unitermos Putrefied, Cadaveric Putrefaction, Diagnosis e Causa Mortis, que resultou em dez artigos em língua inglesa, publicados de 2000 a 2019, a respeito de cadáveres de seres humanos. Foi possível depreender que métodos já conhecidos pelos pesquisadores (a saber: equipamentos de imagem, histopatologia, e análises químicas de fluidos corporais), são capazes de alterar deduções feitas antes de seu uso. Entretanto, apesar de todo o auxílio que oferecem, não substituem o olhar atento de uma equipe forense bem treinada. Ao contrário, devem caminhar juntos, reforçando ainda mais a certeza de que a necropsia de um cadáver em decomposição é indispensável de ser realizada.

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Dificuldades diagnósticas da causa mortis em cadáveres decompostos

Porto

Miziara

2019

Saúde ética justiça

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“…After PMCT scans, the complete conventional autopsy of each body (examination of the cranial, thoracic and abdominal cavities) was performed by forensic pathologists. The grade of external putrefaction (GEP) was assigned by the forensic pathologist during the external examination of the bodies, according to the standardized classification of Maujean et al [31], based on the putrefaction signs described in the forensic literature:…”

Section: Conventional Autopsymentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT) radiological findings and assessment in advanced decomposed bodies

et al. 2019

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The aim of the study is to report radiological findings and features in advanced decomposed bodies obtained by post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT) with autopsy correlation. Materials and methods This retrospective descriptive multicentric study included 41 forensic cases examined between May 2013 and November 2016. All the bodies were PMCT-scanned prior to autopsy, and internal putrefactive state was determined using the radiological alteration index (RAI) by a radiologist with expertise in forensic radiology and a forensic pathologist trained in forensic imaging. After PMCT scans, grade of external putrefaction (GEP) was assigned during the external examination and the complete autopsy was performed by forensic pathologists. Results The PMCT images evaluation revealed that the RAI index was > 61 in all bodies, corresponding to a moderatemassive presence of putrefactive gas. The gas grade was > II in correspondence of the major vessels, heart cavities, liver parenchyma, vertebra L3 and subcutaneous pectoral tissues, and varied from I to III in correspondence of the kidney. Cadaveric external examination revealed the presence of advanced transformative phenomena, with a GEP3 and GEP4 in most of the cases, with body swelling, eyes and tongue protrusion, body fluids expulsion and fat liquefaction. Conclusion Radiological imaging by PMCT as an adjunct to autopsy in advanced decomposed bodies represents a useful tool in detecting post-mortem gas, even in very small amounts. A correct interpretation process of the PMCT data is essential to avoid images pitfalls, due to natural decomposition that can be mistaken for pathologic processes.

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Technical note: A comparison between rehydrating solutions in the pretreatment of mummified and corified skin for forensic microscopic examination

et al. 2022

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Microscopic examination of mummified or corified skin may be of extreme importance for forensic purposes. However, standard histological samples in these cases are low-end, and preparation is burdened by several problems and so are diagnostic results: an improvement of these types of specimens is therefore advantageous. This study aims to identify the best performing rehydration solution among a fabric softener, a body lotion, and Sandison’s rehydrating solution. Samples of skin undergoing mummification or corification were collected from 25 corpses and each sample was divided into 4 fragments: one of these fragments was directly fixated in 4% formalin, one was previously treated with a tissue softener, another one was previously treated with a body lotion, and the last one was treated with Sandison’s solution. After 72 h, the pretreated samples were post-fixated in 4% formalin and then prepared for standard histological examination staining the histological slides with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson’s trichrome. At the microscopic examination, samples directly fixated in formalin were characterized by usual marked structural alterations and altered stainability, typical of such dry tissues. Vice versa, those previously treated appeared to be better-preserved even though with different improvement levels: body lotion made a medium–low-grade restoration of the tissues, and fabric softener a high-grade restoration, while Sandison’s rehydrating solution produced an optimal grade restoration. Sandison’s rehydrating solution was confirmed to be the best rehydrating substance for mummified and corified skin. Fabric softener could be, however, considered a valid substitute, being productive of high-grade microscopic yield.

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Forensic Autopsy of Human Decomposed Bodies as a Valuable Tool for Prevention

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Dificuldades diagnósticas da causa mortis em cadáveres decompostos

Dificuldades diagnósticas da causa mortis em cadáveres decompostos

Post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT) radiological findings and assessment in advanced decomposed bodies

Technical note: A comparison between rehydrating solutions in the pretreatment of mummified and corified skin for forensic microscopic examination

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