Forensic Applications of Hair Analysis

Jurado, Carmen

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801700-5.00009-1

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Hair analysis can be used to assess current exposure and past episodes related to health and nutrition, even if the action has already been stopped [ 22 ]. In particular, hair analysis can be used to construct basic biological matrices for drug testing in forensic toxicology [ 23 ]. Till now, research on endogenous compounds in hair has mainly focused on targeting methods for specific compounds such as testosterone, dihydrotestosterone [ 24 , 25 ], cholesterol [ 26 ], or cortisol [ 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in Pattern Baldness According to Sex: Hair Metabolomics Approach

et al. 2021

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Pattern baldness has been associated with the male hormone, dihydrotestosterone. In this study, we tried to determine how the overall metabolic pathways of pattern baldness differ in patients and in normal controls. Our study aimed to identify alterations in hair metabolomic profiles in order to identify possible markers of pattern baldness according to sex. Untargeted metabolomics profiling in pattern baldness patients and control subjects was conducted using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. To identify significantly altered metabolic pathways, partial least squares discriminant analysis was performed. Our analysis indicated differences in steroid biosynthesis pathway in both males and females. However, there was a remarkable difference in the androgen metabolic pathway in males, and the estrogen metabolic and arachidonic acid pathways in females. For the first time, we were able to confirm the metabolic pathway in pattern baldness patients using hair samples. Our finding improves understanding of pattern baldness and highlights the need to link pattern baldness and sex-related differences.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in Pattern Baldness According to Sex: Hair Metabolomics Approach

et al. 2021

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“…Taking a look into the history of hair analysis in forensic toxicology, it is believed that the first ever case published in English, reporting the use of hair for poison determination, dates back to 1858 (1). To this day, hair analysis have been thoroughly employed and by 2015 it was considered the third most fundamental biological matrix in drug testing (2). The main three aspects contributing to hair being a matrix of choice over blood and urine, on certain occasions are: its substantially longer window of detection, allowing for retrospective analysis, the possibility to establish a detailed timeline given its growth rate and its enduring characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of artificial drug incorporation into hair for the production of quality control samples

et al. 2021

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Hair analysis is thoroughly used in forensic toxicology although there are still some points of concern such as lack of reference material, whether for internal quality controls (IQC) or even for analytical validation process verification. Nonetheless spiked samples are still widely used, mainly for method development, it is not possible to evaluate its actual reproducibility and accuracy. As an alternative, IQC could be produced artificially by the laboratories themselves. The aim of this work was the evaluation of the phenomenon of artificial incorporation of drugs into hair to produce internal quality controls. These controls have been prepared according to the recommendations from the National Institute of Standards and Technology. For the amphetamine group, amphetamine and MDMA, showed different incorporation rates, of 0.17 up to 0.5% for amphetamine and 0.10 up to 0.4% for MDMA. As for cocaine, the incorporation rate was progressive over the course of days, ranging from 0.15 to 0.75%. The highest incorporation was found for diazepam, from 0.57%. to 3.75%. Lower rates were obtained for morphine, ranging from 0.08 to 0.25%, given that the incorporation rate of 0.25% has been reached on the ninth day. Some factors such as incubation time, agitation process and sample washing probably influenced the way analytes incorporate into the matrix including the effects of homogenization of the samples. Overall, knowing the incorporation profile of each analyte it is possible to produce IQC, with different concentrations. Thus, laboratories will have the fortified samples as a better tool for evaluating their own methodology.

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“…In recent years, drug testing in hair has gained tremendous attention and occupied an important position because of its wide and factual time window of detection mainly depends on its growth period. Hair samples have their advantages compared with other biological samples including noninvasive sample collection and the convenience of sample handling, transferring, and storage (no special packaging, refrigeration, or preservatives required), especially to be supervised easily in forensic cases. − However, the hair sample’s pretreatment is time consuming, with tedious steps in most of the hair analysis reports.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disposable Immunosensor Based on Electrochemiluminescence for Ultrasensitive Detection of Ketamine in Human Hair

et al. 2019

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An ultrasensitive disposable immunosensor based on a gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)/indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate has been constructed to detect ketamine (KET) conveniently. In this study, we obtained a AuNPs/ITO basic electrode by only a two-step ecofriendly drip-coating procedure. The self-assembled monolayers of AuNPs were used as a hetero-bifunctional cross-linker and activator, respectively. Ketamine antibody was used as a biorecognition determinant and immobilized onto the AuNPs/ITO through electrostatic interaction or Au−S or Au−N bonds. The architectures of AuNPs/ITO were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy mainly. Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) was used to monitor the specific immune response between the antigen and antibody by measuring changes of intensity in the process of ECL. When the immune complex was incubated on the electrode, it blocked the electron communication and mass transfer, and the ECL signal was quenched. According to the quenched ECL signal, the quantification of KET can be realized. Under optimal conditions, the immunoassay showed a linear range from 10 to 100 pg/g. The low detection limit is 5.73 pg/g. The sensor has been applied to detect ketamine in human hair successfully. In addition, the immunosensor has excellent selectivity, outstanding reproducibility, and acceptable stability. What's more, the immunosensor exhibits low-cost, simplicity, small sample consumption, and easy miniaturization, which allows it to be integrated into portable platforms to be utilized on the site of crime easily.

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Forensic Applications of Hair Analysis

Cited by 8 publications

References 73 publications

Alterations in Pattern Baldness According to Sex: Hair Metabolomics Approach

Alterations in Pattern Baldness According to Sex: Hair Metabolomics Approach

Evaluation of artificial drug incorporation into hair for the production of quality control samples

Disposable Immunosensor Based on Electrochemiluminescence for Ultrasensitive Detection of Ketamine in Human Hair

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