Forensic Application of Repetitive DNA Markers to the Species Identification of Animal Tissues

Guglich, Elizabeth A.; Wilson, Paul J.; White, Bradley N.

doi:10.1520/jfs13606j

Cited by 43 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In parallel to this research, DNA also began to be used to identify the species from which trace evidence originated (Cronin et al 1991, Parson et al 2000. This application relied on molecular taxonomy rather than human forensic techniques and proved particularly useful for investigating cases of illegal trade (Baker et al 1996, Baker & Palumbi 1994 and poaching (Guglich et al 1994, Sweijd et al 1998). …”

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Wildlife DNA forensics—bridging the gap between conservation genetics and law enforcement

Ogden¹,

Dawnay²,

McEwing³

2009

Endang. Species. Res.

174

166

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Wildlife DNA forensics is an applied field that has emerged from a synthesis of conservation genetic research and forensic genetic practice to meet the increasing need for investigative tools in wildlife law enforcement. This review describes the principal technologies and applications available to wildlife forensic geneticists, focussing on the four most common casework questions: What species is it? Where did it come from? Who did it come from? Was it captive bred? The conversion of established research tools into forensic identification systems is discussed, explaining the need for method validation at each stage of the analytical process, from sample collection to data analysis. The requirement for wildlife DNA forensic analysis to be performed under equivalent quality assurance standards to those of human forensic genetics is highlighted and approaches for the interpretation and presentation of DNA evidence are described. A perspective is provided on the potential for new genetic techniques and their future role in the increasingly complex fight to enforce the protection of endangered species. The review concludes with a number of recommendations for promoting a unified, rigorous approach to the development and application of wildlife DNA forensic techniques. KEY WORDS: Wildlife crime · Legal · Illegal trade · Poaching · CITES · Species identification · DNA profiling · Population assignment Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher Contribution to the Theme Section 'Forensic methods in conservation research' OPEN PEN ACCESS CCESSEndang Species Res 9: [179][180][181][182][183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192][193][194][195] vidual identity of a sample. The subject has developed in parallel to human forensic genetics and has benefited from the horizontal transfer of molecular and statistical techniques; however, it remains a highly specialist area with its own distinct set of challenges, situated between wildlife conservation research and applied forensic science. With the development of national and international legislation to protect everdiminishing habitat and species diversity, DNA forensics is now becoming a key investigative tool to combat wildlife crime. At the same time, the way in which DNA evidence is generated and presented in court is coming under renewed scrutiny. This review introduces the subject of wildlife DNA forensics, highlighting the potential advantages and pitfalls surrounding this emerging field, and aims to provide recommendations for promoting a unified, rigorous approach to the development and application of wildlife DNA forensic techniques. HISTORYThe use of genetic analysis to identify non-human evidence began shortly after the first DNA fingerprints were applied to human forensic investigation (Gill et al. 1985). The realization that the same technique could allow familial identification in birds (Burke & Bruford 1987) rapidly led to the use of these methods to verify captive breeding claims in cases where wild bird thef...

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Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Wildlife DNA forensics—bridging the gap between conservation genetics and law enforcement

Ogden¹,

Dawnay²,

McEwing³

2009

Endang. Species. Res.

174

166

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…DNA analysis has been also applied to species identification (Tajima et al 1989;Naito et al 1992;Guglich et al 1993Guglich et al , 1994Stucki et al 1993;Oorschot et al 1994;Soteriou et al 1995;Sparkes et al 1996). From the view point of difference in the Alu and Myo loci, human DNA could be discriminated from mouse, rat, dog and deer DNA, but not from Japanese monkey or chimpanzee DNA, since there was hardly any difference in the Alu and Myo repeated sequences between human and Japanese monkey or chimpanzee (Tajima et al 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the advance of DNA analysis, genedetection procedures using DNA fingerprints or PCR have also been available for species identification (Tajima et al 1989;Blackett and Keim 1992;Guglich et al 1993Guglich et al , 1994Soteriou et al 1995). In the ABO blood group system, A, B and H antigens were found on the red blood cells of pongidae, old world monkeys and new world monkeys (Landsteiner and Miller 1925a, b;Candela 1940).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species identification based on the point mutations of histo-blood group ABO genes by PCR-RFLP and direct sequencing

Wang

Ohshima

Kondo

1997

International Journal of Legal Medicine

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Using the PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and direct sequencing methods, 181 bp DNA fragments at the ABO blood group locus of human and eight different primates were examined. Through PCR amplification and digestion of the product with Hha-1 restriction enzyme, each of the amplified fragments of human, chimpanzee and green monkey was cut into two fragments of 147 and 34 bp, and the corresponding fragment of the other primates was digested into three fragment of 115, 34 and 32 bp. The 181 bp fragments of chimpanzee and green monkey were digested with Mva-1 into three fragments of 82, 58 and 41 bp, and 69, 58 and 54 bp, while the fragments of human and the other primates were separated into two fragments of 123 and 58 bp. Thus, using Hha-1 and Mva-1, human PCR-amplified product of a part of the ABO gene could be discriminated from those of the other primates examined. In addition, by direct sequencing of the 181 bp DNA fragment, two Mva-1 recognition sites and one Hha-1 recognition site were found in the fragments of chimpanzee and green monkey, one Mva-1 site and one Hha-1 site were detected in humans, and one Mva-1 site and two Hha-1 sites in the other primates. These results corresponded well with the data of PCR-RFLP. This method has a good potential for species identification at the DNA level.

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“…Currently, analysis of DNA via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the most commonly used forensic technique that potentially provides definitive information regarding animal species identification [2,12]. There are certain known DNA sequences in many species, even closely related ones, which are species-specific [13,14]. Consequently, species-specific primers were designed to only produce a PCR product with the species for which they were designed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, species-specific primers were designed to only produce a PCR product with the species for which they were designed. It is completely unique for each species [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using species-specific repeat and PCR–RFLP in typing of DNA derived from blood of human and animal species

El‐Sayed

Mohamed

Ashry

et al. 2009

Forensic Sci Med Pathol

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Species determination of tissue specimens, including blood, is an important component of forensic analysis to distinguish human from animal remains. DNA markers based on a method of species-specific PCR and amplifying the 359-base pair (bp) fragment of the mitochondrially encoded cytochrome-b gene and then digestion with the TaqI restriction enzyme were developed for detection and discrimination of human, cattle, buffalo, horse, sheep, pig, dog, cat and chicken blood samples. The results reveal that PCR-amplification of the gene encoding the species-specific repeat (SSR) region generated 603 bp in cattle and buffalo, 221 bp in horse, 374 bp in sheep,

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Forensic Application of Repetitive DNA Markers to the Species Identification of Animal Tissues

Cited by 43 publications

References 13 publications

Wildlife DNA forensics—bridging the gap between conservation genetics and law enforcement

Wildlife DNA forensics—bridging the gap between conservation genetics and law enforcement

Species identification based on the point mutations of histo-blood group ABO genes by PCR-RFLP and direct sequencing

Using species-specific repeat and PCR–RFLP in typing of DNA derived from blood of human and animal species

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