Forensic application of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for the discrimination of questioned documents

Lennard, Chris; El‐Deftar, Moteaa M.; Robertson, James

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.07.003

Cited by 42 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The obtained PCA results showed three ink pen types; pen7, pen3 and pen 10 respectively that significantly compromise the main ink types among the ten pens used. The first three principal components have eigenvalues greater than 1.0 Table (2) and Figs. (3, 4 and 5).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Forensic examination on questioned documents basically deals with document whose legitimacy is uncertain and can be a clue in any criminal scenes and/or legal investigations [1,2]. Official or nonofficial questioned documents including ink writings have been the focus of several works in litreture which facilitate delivering useful information regarding their authenticity [3].…”

Section: Background and Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Further Analysis of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Ink Pens’ Spectra Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for Forensic Characterization

Balah

Nassef

2019

Arab Journal of Nuclear Sciences and Applications

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Because characterization of ink pens on documents represents an important forensic discipline, the need of legal systems for faster, in-situ and more accurate technique that identify and differentiate questioned documents involved in criminal or legal matters is of great interest. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was experimentally proved to be a promising technique emerging in the field of forensic applications, specifically, questioned documents despite being from the same source or different source. However, the call for newly improved data analysis is unlimited and the need to know if the used ink has the same principal components or not. In the present work, the application of PCA has been demonstrated as statistics-based spectral analysis of the output resultant LIBS spectra for the forensic questioned documents analysis. The LIBS spectra were acquired from IR laser induced plasmas of black ink on regular document paper of ten brands of black gel inks commercially available in the Egyptian market. The idea behind principal component analysis is based on the loadings for the first three principal components. The obtained results have been shown to characterize ink pens used in the analysis. However, the first principal component encompasses the dominant characterization for the used pens. The results of this study indicate that Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) of ink pens aided with PCA technique can promote the LIBS capability to faster, error-free and automatic elemental identification and differentiation for in-situ forensic purposes, specifically, questioned documents.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background and Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further Analysis of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Ink Pens’ Spectra Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for Forensic Characterization

Balah

Nassef

2019

Arab Journal of Nuclear Sciences and Applications

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“…LIBS has also been applied for the characterization of nuclear materials and their isotopic concentrations 5 , needed for monitoring nuclear waste and nuclear fuel production for its use in both civilian and military applications. Other applications are found in areas ranging from pharmaceutical quality control 6 , monitoring of industrial processes 7 , forensic science 8 , and for trace detection of nanoparticles used in medical applications 9 , to name a few.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-comb spectroscopy of laser-induced plasmas

Bergevin

Yeak

et al. 2018

Nat Commun

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Dual-comb spectroscopy has become a powerful spectroscopic technique in applications that rely on its broad spectral coverage combined with high frequency resolution capabilities. Experiments to date have primarily focused on detection and analysis of multiple gas species under semi-static conditions, with applications ranging from environmental monitoring of greenhouse gases to high-resolution molecular spectroscopy. Here, we utilize dual-comb spectroscopy to demonstrate broadband, high-resolution, and time-resolved measurements in a laser-induced plasma. As a demonstration, we simultaneously detect trace amounts of Rb and K in solid samples with a single laser ablation shot, with transitions separated by over 6 THz (13 nm) and spectral resolution sufficient to resolve isotopic and ground state hyperfine splittings of the Rb D2 line. This new spectroscopic approach offers the broad spectral coverage found in the powerful techniques of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) while providing the high-resolution and accuracy of cw laser-based spectroscopies.

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“…Elsherbiny and Nassef [30] studied the dependence of the obtained spectra of the obtained spectra of various black gel inks on the wavelength of laser excitation reporting the DP in the range of 88% to 91%. In the next study [31], the elemental analysis with the use of LIBS was performed on writing and inkjet inks, toners as well as on office paper. The LIBS results supported by pairwise comparison analysis (ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test) provided discrimination power of 98.4% (3 indistinguishable/190 compared pairs) for the toners and 100% for the inkjet inks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Computational Intelligence Methods for the Automated Identification of Paper-Ink Samples Based on LIBS

Rzecki¹,

Sośnicki²,

Baran³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an important analysis technique with applications in many industrial branches and fields of scientific research. Nowadays, the advantages of LIBS are impaired by the main drawback in the analysis of collected data. This procedure is essentially based on the comparison of lines present in the spectrum with a literature database. This paper proposes the use of various computational intelligence methods to develop a reliable and fast classification of non-destructively acquired LIBS spectra into a set of predefined classes. We focus on a specific problem of classification of paper-ink samples into 30 separate, predefined classes. For each of 30 classes (10 pens of each of 5 ink types combined with 10 sheets of 5 paper types plus empty pages) 100 LIBS spectra are collected. Four variants of preprocessing, seven classifiers (Decision trees, Random forest, k-Nearest Neighbour, Support Vector Machine, Probabilistic Neural Network, Multi-Layer Perceptron, and Generalized Regression Neural Network), 5-fold stratified cross-validation and test on an independent set (for methods evaluation) scenarios are employed. Our developed system yielded an accuracy of 99.08% with average classification time of about 0.12 s is obtained using the random forest classifier. Our results clearly demonstrates that machine learning methods can be used to identify the paper-ink samples based on LIBS reliably at a faster rate.

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Forensic application of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for the discrimination of questioned documents

Cited by 42 publications

References 21 publications

Further Analysis of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Ink Pens’ Spectra Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for Forensic Characterization

Further Analysis of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Ink Pens’ Spectra Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for Forensic Characterization

Dual-comb spectroscopy of laser-induced plasmas

Application of Computational Intelligence Methods for the Automated Identification of Paper-Ink Samples Based on LIBS

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