Forecasting environmental equity: Air quality responses to road user charging in Leeds, UK

Mitchell, Gordon

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2005.04.013

Cited by 53 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Similar results have also been obtained in Canada (Carrier et al 2014;Jerrett et al 2007;Sider et al, 2013), the United Kingdom (Briggs, Abellan, and Fecht 2008;Mitchell 2005;Mitchell and Dorling 2003), New Zealand (Kingham, Pearce, and Zawar-Reza 2007), Germany (Schikowski et al 2008), Finland (Rotko et al 1999), France (Havard et al 2009) and Norway (Naess et al 2007). However, the link between air pollutant levels and the distribution of ethnic or racial groups seems to be less clear, and tends to vary in different geographic contexts (Pastor, Sadd, and Hipp 2001;Ringquist 1997) Grineski et al (2015) and Chakraborty et al (2014) also found that neighborhoods in Houston characterized by a higher presence of Hispanic residents and a lower percentage of homeowners faced a significantly greater exposure to both chronic and acute pollution risks.…”

Section: Environmental Nuisancessupporting

confidence: 69%

Application of a Global Environmental Equity Index in Montreal: Diagnostic and Further Implications

Carrier

Apparicio

Kestens

et al. 2016

Annals of the American Association of Geographers

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Urban living environments are known to influence human well-being and health. The literature on environmental equity focuses especially on the distribution of nuisances and resources, which, because of the unequal spatial distribution of different social groups, leads to an increased exposure to risks or to less access to beneficial elements for certain populations. Little work has been done on the multidimensionality of different environmental burdens and the lack of resources in some urban environments. This paper has two main objectives. The first objective is to construct an environmental equity index that takes into consideration seven components of the urban environment (traffic-related pollutants, proximity to major roads and to highways, vegetation, access to parks, access to supermarkets, and the urban heat island effect). The second objective is to determine whether groups vulnerable to different nuisances-namely, individuals under 15 years old and the elderly-and those who tend to be located in the most problematic areas according to the environmental justice literaturei.e. visible minorities and low-income populations-are affected by environmental inequities associated with the application of the composite index at the city block level. The results obtained by using four statistical techniques show that, on the Island of Montreal, low-income persons and, to a lesser extent, visible minorities are more frequently located in city blocks close to major roads, and with higher concentrations of NO 2 and less vegetation. Finally, the environmental equity index is significantly lower in areas with high concentrations of low-income populations in comparison with the wealthiest areas.

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Section: Environmental Nuisancessupporting

confidence: 69%

Application of a Global Environmental Equity Index in Montreal: Diagnostic and Further Implications

Carrier

Apparicio

Kestens

et al. 2016

Annals of the American Association of Geographers

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“…This could be in the form of increased parking charges at destination or fuel tax levies (a 10% increase in fuel prices usually results in a 1-3% decline in travel; IEA, 2002;Anable and Boardman, 2005). Other options include road tolling or distance based charging based on Global Positioning System technology (Mitchell, 2005), where motorists are charged on vehicle use depending on the route taken and the time of day. Opponents to the scheme believe that such systems will be difficult and expensive to introduce and will offer no significant carbon reductions (Anable and Boardman, 2005).…”

Section: Car Mitigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport and climate change: a review

Chapman

2007

Journal of Transport Geography

880

419

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“…Still, monitoring of the road and warranty are mostly related to functionality of the road rather then it 'greenness'. And even in cases where environmentrelated requirements are mentioned in procurement projects, in practice they are not always met or are evaluated as part of the quality assurance control [9].…”

Section: A Sq1: Traditional Procurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

A research agenda for green procurement of infrastructures

Kornevs

Kringos

Meijer

2014

2014 International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE)

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Abstract-Constructionand maintenance of road infrastructure is a major source of emissions and energy usage. Procuring green roads, however, is neither commonplace nor trivial to implement. New ways to enhance the green procurement of roads are therefore needed, and can potentially involve life cycle assessment and green labelling methods. Considering the complexity of the pavement industry sector with its many actors and structures, implementing such innovations in the procurement process is surrounded with a series of uncertainties.The current paper formulates a research agenda for green procurement of roads by looking into potential mechanisms for future procurement. Given the objective of green procurement, the paper is focusing on the question what are the short term and long term effects of potential combinations of life cycle assessment principles and procurement process structures on infrastructure costs, risks, environmental impact and the structure of the road sector. Six different approaches are presented and reviewed for relevant earlier work in the literature.Based upon the complexities found, the authors discuss the challenges in finding a matching single research method. A solution is proposed for a holistic approach using gaming simulation, since it allows evaluating the procurement of infrastructure as a complex adaptive system.

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Forecasting environmental equity: Air quality responses to road user charging in Leeds, UK

Cited by 53 publications

References 21 publications

Application of a Global Environmental Equity Index in Montreal: Diagnostic and Further Implications

Application of a Global Environmental Equity Index in Montreal: Diagnostic and Further Implications

Transport and climate change: a review

A research agenda for green procurement of infrastructures

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