Forebrain circuitry involved in effort-related choice: Injections of the GABAA agonist muscimol into ventral pallidum alter response allocation in food-seeking behavior

Farrar, Andrew M.; Font, Laura; Pereira, Mariana; Mingote, Susana; Bunce, Jamie G.; Chrobak, James J.; Salamone, John D.

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.12.034

Cited by 98 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(106 reference statements)

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“…This projection is GABAergic, and recent evidence indicates that extracellular levels of GABA, as measured by microdialysis, were increased by local accumbens core injections of either the adenosine A 2A agonist CGS 21680 [121] or the DA D 2 antagonist eticlopride (FIGURE 4) at doses that also produce the shift from lever pressing to chow intake in rats responding on the operant concurrent choice task. Consistent with this observation, it was reported that injections of the GABA A agonist, muscimol, directly into the ventral pallidum also decreased lever pressing and increased chow intake [132], while injections of muscimol into a control site dorsal to the ventral pallidum were ineffective. Moreover, injections of the adenosine A 2A agonist CGS 21680 into nucleus accumbens on one side of the brain, combined with muscimol injected into the ventral pallidum on the contralateral side, reduced lever pressing in rats responding on a VI 60 s schedule that had an additional work requirement (FR10) attached [121].…”

Section: Forebrain Circuits and Neurotransmitter Interactions Regulatinsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Another part of this circuitry appears to be the ventral striatopallidal pathway. Neurons originating in nucleus accumbens core areas that have been implicated in effort-related processes project to the lateral ventral pallidum [121,132]. The cell bodies of many of these neurons also contain adenosine A 2A receptors [121].…”

Section: Forebrain Circuits and Neurotransmitter Interactions Regulatinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of dopamine–adenosine interactions in the brain circuitry regulating effort-related decision making: insights into pathological aspects of motivation

Salamone

Correa²,

Farrar³

et al. 2010

Future Neurol.

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Review Dopaminergic involvement in activational aspects of motivationSimilar to other psychological constructs such as emotion and cognition, motivation is not a simple or unitary phenomenon. Motivation is a complex and multifacted process that includes many diverse components. Some aspects of motivation are related to sensations of internal and external stimuli, while other aspects of motivation are related to motor function [1]. Motivated behavior takes place in phases that represent different degrees of physical or psychological distance from the primary motivational stimulus (i.e., appetitive vs consummatory; instrumental vs consummatory; see [2][3][4]). Moreover, motivation theory and research has emphasized for several years that there are 'directional' and 'activational' aspects of motivation [5][6][7]. Directional aspects refer to the observation that the behavior of animals is directed towards or away from particular motivational stimuli. In addition, it is evident that motivated behavior can be characterized by persistence, vigor and high levels of work output; these activational aspects of motivated behavior are highly adaptive because they enable organisms to overcome challenges or work-related response costs that separate them from significant stimuli such as food [4,[8][9][10][11][12][13]. While foraging in the wild, animals can invest considerable time and can cover large areas of space in order to gain access to food or other primary motivational stimuli. Laboratory experiments have shown that animals can climb barriers, run in mazes or press levers on schedules with high input ratio requirements, in order to gain access to motivational stimuli such as food. Under some conditions the presentation of motivational stimuli can generate heightened, even excessive, levels of motor activity. In humans, impairments in behavioral activation can manifest themselves as energy-related symptoms such as psychomotor slowing, anergia and fatigue, which are features of depression, and can also be observed in other psychiatric or n eurological disorders [11].In addition to studying these behavioral processes involved in activational aspects of motivation, neuroscientists have also focused upon the brain mechanisms that are potentially involved. Several brain areas have been investigated, but one of the neural systems most closely associated with behavioral activation is the dopamine (DA) innervation of the nucleus accumbens [8][9][10][11]14,15]. Although the mesolimbic DA system has consistently been linked to aspects of drug reinforcement, and is often referred to as some type of 'pleasure' or 'reward' center, recent Brain dopamine, particularly in the nucleus accumbens, has been implicated in activational aspects of motivation and effort-related processes. Accumbens dopamine depletions reduce the tendency of rats to work for food, and alter effort-related decision making, but leave aspects of food motivation such as appetite intact. Recent evidence indicates that the purine neuromodulator adenosine, largely thr...

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Section: Forebrain Circuits and Neurotransmitter Interactions Regulatinsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Forebrain Circuits and Neurotransmitter Interactions Regulatinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of dopamine–adenosine interactions in the brain circuitry regulating effort-related decision making: insights into pathological aspects of motivation

Salamone

Correa²,

Farrar³

et al. 2010

Future Neurol.

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“…Several lines of evidence indicate that, in addition to nucleus accumbens DA, other brain areas and transmitters are involved in effort-related processes, including prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and ventral pallidum (Walton et al 2002(Walton et al , 2003Schweimer et al 2005;Schweimer and Hauber 2006;Floresco and Ghods-Sharifi 2007;Farrar et al 2008). Recent studies also have highlighted the involvement of the purine nucleoside adenosine in this type of function .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra-accumbens injections of the adenosine A2A agonist CGS 21680 affect effort-related choice behavior in rats

et al. 2008

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Rationale-Nucleus accumbens dopamine (DA) participates in the modulation of instrumental behavior, including aspects of behavioral activation and effort-related choice behavior. Rats with impaired accumbens DA transmission reallocate their behavior away from food-reinforced activities that have high response requirements and instead select less-effortful types of food-seeking behavior. Although accumbens DA is considered a critical component of the brain circuitry regulating effortrelated processes, emerging evidence also implicates adenosine A 2A receptors.Objective-The present work was undertaken to test the hypothesis that accumbens A 2A receptor stimulation would produce effects similar to those produced by DA depletion or antagonism.Materials and methods-Three experiments assessed the effects of the adenosine A 2A agonist CGS 21680 on performance of a concurrent choice task (lever pressing for preferred food vs. intake of less preferred chow) that is known to be sensitive to DA antagonists and accumbens DA depletions.Results-Systemic injections of CGS 21680 reduced lever pressing but did not increase feeding. In contrast, bilateral infusions of the adenosine A 2A receptor agonist CGS 21680 (6.0-24.0 ng) into the nucleus accumbens decreased lever pressing for the preferred food but substantially increased consumption of the less preferred chow. Injections of CGS 21680 into a control site dorsal to the accumbens were ineffective.Conclusions-Taken together, these results are consistent with the hypothesis that local stimulation of adenosine A 2A receptors in nucleus accumbens produces behavioral effects similar to those induced by accumbens DA depletions. Accumbens adenosine A 2A receptors appear to be a component of the brain circuitry regulating effort-related choice behavior.

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“…GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) has been proposed to play a key role in the regulation of food intake and body weight 1 . Psychological factors, genetic predisposition and eating habits can increase body weight which may lead to obesity 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) a inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain mainly present in the arcuate nucleus had been proposed to play a key role in the food preferences of selecting the type, quantity and quality of food by regulating the transmission of signals between neurons in brain circuits 12 . Additionally, the GABA a inhibitory neurotransmitter mainly involved in eating behaviour in experiments using rodent models and GABA receptor agonists and antagonists 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2017

IJPSR

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Arcuate nucleus GABAergic system plays an important role in the energy balance evidenced by various studies. The present study was designed to investigate the involvement of GABA type A receptor in experimental obesity. In the present study effects of chronic administration of diazepam (0.5 and 1mg/kg/day, i.p) and bicuculline (0.6 and 1.25mg/kg/day, i.p) specific GABA type A receptor agonist and antagonist respectively for 8 weeks along with high fat diet to the obese rats which were pre-treated with high fat diet feeding for 8 weeks on the various parameters of obesity were analysed. Treatment with bicuculline (0.6 and 1.25mg/kg/day, i.p) produced significant dose dependent decrease (p < 0.05) in various parameters of obesity as compared to high fat diet group. Diazepam (0.5 and 1mg/kg/day, i.p) produced dose dependent increase in the feeding behaviour in experimental obese rats, while the other parameters were not significantly altered with chronic administration of diazepam as compared to high fat diet control group. Diazepam a negatively alter the parameters of obesity, while the bicuculline positively modulate the parameters of obesity. The present data demonstrated that high fat diet induced obesity was prevented by GABA type A receptor blocker bicuculline. The diazepam a GABA type A receptor agonist increased the feeding behaviour in rats and promote the fat deposition which in-turn result in obese rats, while this effect was not significantly differ from the alone high fat diet group. These findings give the strong evidence of involvement of GABA type A receptor in obesity.

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Forebrain circuitry involved in effort-related choice: Injections of the GABAA agonist muscimol into ventral pallidum alter response allocation in food-seeking behavior

Cited by 98 publications

References 68 publications

Role of dopamine–adenosine interactions in the brain circuitry regulating effort-related decision making: insights into pathological aspects of motivation

Role of dopamine–adenosine interactions in the brain circuitry regulating effort-related decision making: insights into pathological aspects of motivation

Intra-accumbens injections of the adenosine A2A agonist CGS 21680 affect effort-related choice behavior in rats

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