Forcing operators on star graphs applied for the cubic fourth order Schrödinger equation

Abstract

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>In a recent article [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b16">16</xref>], the authors gave a starting point of the study on a series of problems concerning the initial boundary value problem and control theory of Biharmonic NLS in some non-standard domains. In this direction, this article deals to present answers for some questions left in [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="b16">16</xref>] concerning the study of the cubic fourth order Schrödinger equation in a star graph structure <inline-formula><tex-math id="M1">\begin{document}$ \mathcal{G} $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>. Precisely, consider <inline-formula><tex-math id="M2">\begin{document}$ \mathcal{G} $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> composed by <inline-formula><tex-math id="M3">\begin{document}$ N $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> edges parameterized by half-lines <inline-formula><tex-math id="M4">\begin{document}$ (0,+\infty) $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> attached with a common vertex <inline-formula><tex-math id="M5">\begin{document}$ \nu $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>. With this structure the manuscript proposes to study the well-posedness of a dispersive model on star graphs with three appropriated vertex conditions by using the <i>boundary forcing operator approach</i>. More precisely, we give positive answer for the Cauchy problem in low regularity Sobolev spaces. We have noted that this approach seems very efficient, since this allows to use the tools of Harmonic Analysis, for instance, the Fourier restriction method, introduced by Bourgain, while for the other known standard methods to solve partial differential partial equations on star graphs are more complicated to capture the dispersive smoothing effect in low regularity. The arguments presented in this work have prospects to be applied for other nonlinear dispersive equations in the context of star graphs with unbounded edges.</p>