Forces of Terror: Armed Banditry and Insecurity in North-west Nigeria

Ojo, John Sunday; Oyewole, Samuel; Aina, Folahanmi

doi:10.1080/17419166.2023.2164924

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…The general insecurity exemplified by Boko-haram insurgency in north-eastern states of Borno and Yobe [46,76,102] and unabated armed conflict between herdsmen and farmers on land and grazing paths in Benue states [70] often leads to population displacement and migration, and consequently significant disruption of immunization efforts. In the north-western states particularly Sokoto, Kebbi and Zamfara axis, armed banditry typifies by mass kidnapping, robbery along major highways, cattle rustling, and disruption of socio-economic activities by ethnic militias has resulted in internal displacement of thousands of people and missed communities [132]. The insecurity has recently extended into the south-eastern states where the armed wing of Indigenous People of Biafra has been enforcing a mandatory Monday sit-at-home order with attendant impact on vaccination coverage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Landscape of Routine Immunization in Nigeria: A Scoping Review of Barriers and Facilitators

Mohammed,

Reynolds,

Waziri

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Despite global efforts to improve vaccination coverage, the number of zero dose and under immunized children has increased in the African continent, particularly in Nigeria where more than 2.3 million unvaccinated children currently reside, making it the country with highest number of unvaccinated children on the African continent. It is thus imperative to identity barriers and facilitators of immunization in Nigeria with a view to formulate and design targeted interventions that can effectively bridge the immunization gap in Nigeria. In this review, we systematically mapped and summarized existing literature and data on key barriers to vaccine uptake, and facilitators influencing immunization practices in Nigeria. The electronic databases were systematically searched and articles that reported determinants of routine immunization uptake in Nigeria from inception of the databases up till October 2023 were included. The eligible articles were evaluated using a set of pre-defined criteria and the extracted data were analysed and visualized. This scoping review identified barriers spanning logistical, socio-economic, cultural, and healthcare system-related aspects, highlighting the need for a multi-pronged approach to address these challenges. While considerable progress has been made over the years, persistent barriers like distance between area of residence of caregivers and immunization centers, vaccine shortages, poor interpersonal relationship between healthcare workers and caregivers and cultural/religious influences persist. Lastly, collaborative efforts among stakeholders and communities remain paramount in ensuring improved routine immunization coverage across the Nigeria’s diverse socio-cultural landscape.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Landscape of Routine Immunization in Nigeria: A Scoping Review of Barriers and Facilitators

Mohammed,

Reynolds,

Waziri

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…In some instances, families fleeing violence may relocate to safer areas, resulting in the displacement of students, even up 10,000 students as have been experienced in Zamfara State (Global Center for Responsibility to Protect, 2022). This disrupted their education as they struggle to find new schools or face obstacles accessing education in their new location, due to the increasing insecurity posed in the region (Ojo, Oyewole & Aina, 2023).…”

Section: Impact On Educational Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Educational Insecurity in Northwest Nigeria

Kanu,

Paul,

Bazza

et al. 2024

Intl. J. Rel.

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This paper examines the profound impact of banditry and kidnapping on the educational landscape of Northwest Nigeria. The region, which historically had been slow in its appreciation for formal education has, in the last two decades, been encouraged to embrace studentship through concerted efforts by government and private investors. However, this development has suffered premature death as the region has witnessed a surge in violent activities, particularly targeted at educational institutions and students. Using the qualitative method of research, this study illuminates the ways in which banditry and kidnapping have grievously disrupted the educational sector. The findings reveal a disturbing pattern of attacks on schools, abduction of students and teachers, and destruction of educational infrastructure. These incidents have created an atmosphere of fear and uncertainty, leading to widespread school closures and a significant decline in student enrolment. Moreover, the psychological trauma inflicted on the victims, including survivors and their families, has had lasting effects on the pursuit of education. The paper also explores the socio-economic consequences of disrupted education, including limited access to learning opportunities, reduced human capital development, and a weakened social fabric. It underscores the urgent need for comprehensive security measures, community engagement, and policy interventions to safeguard educational institutions and ensure the right to education for all children in the region. This study serves as a clarion call for concerted efforts by government agencies, civil society organizations, and the international community to address the complex challenges posed by banditry and kidnapping in North-western Nigeria. Restoring a safe and conducive learning environment is imperative for the region’s socio-economic development and the realization of the fundamental right to education.

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“…Banditry, which is prevalent in Nigeria's northwest and central regions, involves armed groups responsible for kidnapping, robbery, and cattle rustling (Olapeju & Peter, 2021). These groups have formed alliances with terrorist organizations, making it difficult for the government to tackle the security challenges (Ojo et al, 2023). The increasing rate of banditry has led to the displacement of communities and an escalation of inter-communal conflicts (Demi, 2021).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is particularly evident in the northern, north-central and some southern parts of the country, where farmers have been unable to cultivate their crops due to the activities of bandits and terrorists as shown in Figure 7and Figure 8 (Atim & Gbamwuan, 2022). The resulting food shortages and price hikes have had a significant impact on the economy (Ojo et al, 2023).…”

Section: Economic Disruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the tourism sector has also been affected as the country's reputation as an unsafe destination has discouraged foreign tourists from visiting, leading to significant revenue loss (Ojo et al, 2023). The transportation of goods and services across the country has also been made more challenging, increasing costs and reducing productivity (Ladan, & Matawalli, 2021).…”

Section: Damage To Nigeria's Imagementioning

confidence: 99%

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Terrorism and Banditry: Implications for Nigeria's Sovereignty and Territorial Integrity

Ameh¹

2023

EJCM

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Purpose: This research examines the implications of terrorism and banditry on Nigeria's sovereignty and territorial integrity. Methodology: Employing a content analysis approach and drawing from qualitative data from secondary sources, the study highlights the extensive ramifications of terrorism and banditry, encompassing loss of lives and property, displacement of people, economic disruption, damage to Nigeria's reputation, and political instability. The research underscores the urgency for the Nigerian government to take decisive action in addressing these challenges, fostering economic growth, rebuilding investor trust, and enhancing the country's image. Findings: The research findings hold practical implications for policymakers and security agencies, urging a unified and comprehensive approach in confronting terrorism and banditry in Nigeria. The research underscores the significance of addressing the psychological impact on affected individuals by providing essential mental health support, facilitating their recovery, and fostering social cohesion. The Realist theory guides the study, emphasizing the prioritization of state security and interests in an anarchic international system, offering valuable insights into comprehending the implications of terrorism and banditry on Nigeria's sovereignty and territorial integrity. Recommendations: To effectively combat terrorism and banditry, the study recommends reinforcing national security through increased funding, improved intelligence gathering and addressing socio-economic factors such as poverty, unemployment, and inequality through targeted policies. Emphasizing international cooperation and strengthening governance and accountability are identified as vital aspects in combating the cross-border nature of these threats. The recommended strategies offer a roadmap to effectively combat these security challenges, safeguarding Nigeria's stability, peace, and economic prosperity. By implementing these measures, practitioners can work towards restoring the nation's security, rebuilding confidence, and enhancing its position in the international community.

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Forces of Terror: Armed Banditry and Insecurity in North-west Nigeria

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Exploring the Landscape of Routine Immunization in Nigeria: A Scoping Review of Barriers and Facilitators

Exploring the Landscape of Routine Immunization in Nigeria: A Scoping Review of Barriers and Facilitators

Educational Insecurity in Northwest Nigeria

Terrorism and Banditry: Implications for Nigeria's Sovereignty and Territorial Integrity

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