Forced selection of tRNAGlu reveals the importance of two adenosine-rich RNA loops within the U5-PBS for SIVsmmPBj replication

Kelly, Maureen C.; Kosloff, Barry; Morrow, Casey D.

doi:10.1016/j.virol.2007.04.025

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 30 publications

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“…This issue will be considered later, in the section devoted to fidelity. It has also been claimed that, for HIV, the host lysyl aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase plays a role in the selective packaging of the correct tRNA primer (139, 140); however, HIV can replicate reasonably efficiently using other tRNA primers (141, 142, 143). It has also been proposed that an RNA debranching enzyme is involved in the first-strand transfer during reverse transcription (144, 145); this claim should also be viewed with some caution, at least until more and better evidence has been presented.…”

Section: Reverse Transcription In Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reverse Transcription of Retroviruses and LTR Retrotransposons

Hughes

2015

Microbiol Spectr

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The enzyme reverse transcriptase (RT) was discovered in retroviruses almost 50 years ago. The demonstration that other types of viruses, and what are now called retrotransposons, also replicated using an enzyme that could copy RNA into DNA came a few years later. The intensity of the research in both the process of reverse transcription and the enzyme RT was greatly stimulated by the recognition, in the mid-1980s, that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was a retrovirus and by the fact that the first successful anti-HIV drug, azidothymidine (AZT), is a substrate for RT. Although AZT monotherapy is a thing of the past, the most commonly prescribed, and most successful, combination therapies still involve one or both of the two major classes of anti-RT drugs. Although the basic mechanics of reverse transcription were worked out many years ago, and the first high-resolution structures of HIV RT are now more than 20 years old, we still have much to learn, particularly about the roles played by the host and viral factors that make the process of reverse transcription much more efficient in the cell than in the test tube. Moreover, we are only now beginning to understand how various host factors that are part of the innate immunity system interact with the process of reverse transcription to protect the host-cell genome, the host cell, and the whole host, from retroviral infection, and from unwanted retrotransposition.

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