Forced Salivation As a Method to Analyze Vector Competence of Mosquitoes

Heitmann, Anna; Jansen, Stéphanie; Lühken, Renke; Leggewie, Mayke; Schmidt-Chanasit, Jonas; Tannich, Egbert

doi:10.3791/57980-v

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To investigate the replication of USUV in the body, legs, and saliva of individual mosquitoes, saliva was collected through forced salivation on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 post feeding (PF) [ 46 , 47 ]. In short, female mosquitoes were freeze sedated for 8 min, legs were collected, and the proboscis was inserted into a capillary tube filled with approximately 10 μL of oil for 30 min, after which the oil was collected.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vector competence of Swedish Culex pipiens mosquitoes for Usutu virus

Krambrich,

Bole-Feysot,

Höller

et al. 2024

One Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vector competence of Swedish Culex pipiens mosquitoes for Usutu virus

Krambrich,

Bole-Feysot,

Höller

et al. 2024

One Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…1 ). Saliva was obtained through forced salivation, as described previously [ 50 , 51 ]. In brief, female mosquitoes were freeze-sedated for 5 min, and their legs were collected.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vector competence of Swedish Culex pipiens mosquitoes for Japanese encephalitis virus

Krambrich,

Akaberi,

Lindahl

et al. 2024

Parasites Vectors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is an emerging mosquito-borne Orthoflavivirus that poses a significant public health risk in many temperate and tropical regions in Asia. Since the climate in some endemic countries is similar to temperate climates observed in Europe, understanding the role of specific mosquito species in the transmission of JEV is essential for predicting and effectively controlling the potential for the introduction and establishment of JEV in Europe. Methods This study aimed to investigate the vector competence of colonized Culex pipiens biotype molestus mosquitoes for JEV. The mosquitoes were initially collected from the field in southern Sweden. The mosquitoes were offered a blood meal containing the Nakayama strain of JEV (genotype III), and infection rates, dissemination rates, and transmission rates were evaluated at 14, 21, and 28 days post-feeding. Results The study revealed that colonized Swedish Cx. pipiens are susceptible to JEV infection, with a stable infection rate of around 10% at all timepoints. However, the virus was only detected in the legs of one mosquito at 21 days post-feeding, and no mosquito saliva contained JEV. Conclusions Overall, this research shows that Swedish Cx. pipiens can become infected with JEV, and emphasizes the importance of further understanding of the thresholds and barriers for JEV dissemination in mosquitoes. Graphical Abstract

show abstract

“…Mosquitoes were anesthetized with CO 2 and immobilized by removing their legs and wings. Saliva samples were obtained as previously described [61]. Mosquito bodies, legs, and wings and approximately 10 μl of the saliva samples were sampled as described above.…”

Section: Vector Competence Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Coinfections with West Nile Virus and Usutu Virus in Culex pipiens and Aedes vexans Mosquitoes

Körsten

AL-Hosary

Holicki

et al. 2023

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The mosquito-borne zoonotic flaviviruses West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV) are endemic in many European countries and emerged in Germany in recent years. Due to the increasing overlap of their distribution areas and their similar epidemiology, coinfections of WNV and USUV are possible. Indeed, coinfections in vertebrate hosts as a rare event have already been reported from some countries including Germany. However, it is largely unknown whether and to what extent coinfections could affect the vector competence of mosquitoes for WNV and USUV. For this purpose, the mosquito species Culex pipiens biotype pipiens, Culex pipiens biotype molestus, and Aedes vexans were orally infected in mono- and simultaneous coinfections with German strains of WNV and USUV. Mosquitoes were incubated for 14 days at 26°C, 85% relative humidity, and a 16 : 8 light-dark photocycle, before they were dissected and forced to salivate. The results showed a decrease in USUV susceptibility in Culex pipiens biotype pipiens, an increase in USUV susceptibility in Aedes vexans, and no obvious interaction between both viruses in Culex pipiens biotype molestus. Vector competence for WNV appeared to be unaffected by a simultaneous occurrence of USUV in all tested mosquito species. Coinfections with both viruses were only found in Culex mosquitoes, and cotransmission of WNV and USUV was observed in Culex pipiens biotype molestus. Overall, our results show that viral interactions between WNV and USUV vary between mosquito species, and that the interaction mainly occurs during infection and replication in the mosquito midgut. The results of this study confirm that to fully understand the interaction between WNV and USUV, studies with various mosquito species are necessary. In addition, we found that even mosquito species with a low susceptibility to both viruses, such as Ae. vexans, can play a role in their transmission in areas with cocirculation.

show abstract

Forced Salivation As a Method to Analyze Vector Competence of Mosquitoes

Cited by 12 publications

References 2 publications

Vector competence of Swedish Culex pipiens mosquitoes for Usutu virus

Vector competence of Swedish Culex pipiens mosquitoes for Usutu virus

Vector competence of Swedish Culex pipiens mosquitoes for Japanese encephalitis virus

Simultaneous Coinfections with West Nile Virus and Usutu Virus in Culex pipiens and Aedes vexans Mosquitoes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About