Forced convective hybrid nanofluid flow through annular sector duct

Abstract

The studies of hybrid nanofluid i.e the combination of nanofluid (nano particles plus water) with another nano particles, become most importance due to enhancement in the heat transfer rate. Here we study the fully developed forced convective flow properties of hybrid nanofluid through annular sector duct by taking CuO-water as the nanofluid with Cu nano particles. The contribution of CuO nano particles in the water keeps to be fixed to 10%, whereas the contribution of Cu nano particles takes 0-10% in this study. During the study, it has been concluded that the percentage enhancement in heat transfer rate is comparably more to fanning friction factor, when we increase the contribution of Cu nano particles in the nanofluid CuO-water. Furthermore, same observation has been noticed in the case of heat transfer rate, when shape factor of the nano particles changes.