Forced convection and nucleate boiling on a small flat heater in a rectangular duct: Experiments with two working fluids, a 50–50 ethylene glycol—water mixture, and water

Abstract

The heat transfer characteristics for two working fluids, a 50–50 ethylene glycol—water mixture and water, on a small flat heater in a rectangular flow channel were examined for operating conditions in typical internal combustion engines. A particular effort was made to present robust heat transfer data without the constraints of the cross-section of the channel in the regions of forced convection and nucleate boiling, including the onsets of nucleate boiling. The effects of velocity, pressure, and subcooling were discussed using both boiling curves and visual observations.

Computational fluid dynamics assessment of subcooled flow boiling in internal-combustion engine-like conditions at low flow velocities with a volume-of-fluid model and a two-fluid model

“…With these prescriptions, forced evaporative flow conditions similar to those found in the cooling galleries of internal-combustion engines were achieved: operating pressures from 1.5 bar to 2 bar, surface temperatures ranging from 100 °C to 140 °C (thus covering the range from single-phase convection to supercritical temperature drops at the duct wall) and velocities from 0.3 m/s down to 0.1 m/s. Therefore, the conditions are very close to those found in other previously developed and similar experimental set-ups 19,20 but extend the velocity range to lower values.…”

Experiments on subcooled flow boiling in I.C. engine-like conditions at low flow velocities

“…engine on subcooled flow boiling for a 50-50 ethylene glycol-water mixture [25], their results suggesting that a correction factor is required only on the forced convection component, consistently with [20]. However, it was already noted by [20] that the model fails in the boiling regime for low velocities and low inlet temperatures.…”

Subcooled flow boiling of alumina/water nanofluid in a channel with a hot spot: An experimental study

“…The simulation of this type of flows with engine coolant application have been carried out in rectangular ducts with a small flat heated area at the bottom surface of the flow channel by many researchers [10][11][12][13][14][15].…”