Force Sensing Resistor and Evaluation of Technology for Wearable Body Pressure Sensing

Giovanelli, Davide; Farella, Elisabetta

doi:10.1155/2016/9391850

Cited by 113 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The use of Velostat has been explored in the literature with regards to applications such as human movement monitoring [48,52], control of pressure redistributing insoles [49], sitting posture monitoring [53,54], quantification of hand forces [55], assessment of psychomotor development in children [56], finger gesture recognition [51] and neonatal monitoring [57]. The performance of the material with regards to properties such as linearity, hysteresis and repeatability appears to vary based on application and the loading environment, suggesting review is necessary per application [52,55,58,59]. To our knowledge, application of this material has not been explored with regards to lower-limb prosthetics with the exception of a US patent filed regarding a sensor filled strut-socket design [50].This paper describes a method for manufacture of these devices and their performance as observed under mechanical bench tests.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of the Performance Characteristics of Velostat as an In-Socket Pressure Sensor

2020

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Velostat is a low-cost, low-profile electrical bagging material with piezoresistive properties, making it an attractive option for in-socket pressure sensing. The focus of this research was to explore the suitability of a Velostatbased system for providing real-time socket pressure profiles. The prototype system performance was explored through a series of bench tests to determine properties including accuracy, repeatability and hysteresis responses, and through participant testing with a single subject. The fabricated sensors demonstrated mean accuracy errors of 110 kPa and significant cyclical and thermal drift effects of up to 0.00715 V/cycle and leading to up to a 67% difference in voltage range respectively. Despite these errors the system was able to capture data within a prosthetic socket, aligning to expected contact and loading patterns for the socket and amputation type. Distinct pressure maps were obtained for standing and walking tasks displaying loading patterns indicative of posture and gait phase. The system demonstrated utility for assessing contact and movement patterns within a prosthetic socket, potentially useful for improvement of socket fit, in a low cost, low profile and adaptable format. However, Velostat requires significant improvement in its electrical properties before proving suitable for accurate pressure measurement tools in lower limb prosthetics.

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confidence: 99%

Examination of the Performance Characteristics of Velostat as an In-Socket Pressure Sensor

2020

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“…Other recent studies (Giovanelli and Farella, 2016) presented devices for gesture recognition based on an array of forcesensitive resistors (FSRs 2 ) (Interlink Electronics, 2019). A combination of two sEMG and four FSR sensors, mounted on a wrist strap, can be used to classify finger movements scoring accuracy of 96% (McIntosh et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Piezoresistive Array Armband With Reduced Number of Sensors for Hand Gesture Recognition

et al. 2020

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Human machine interfaces (HMIs) are employed in a broad range of applications, spanning from assistive devices for disability to remote manipulation and gaming controllers. In this study, a new piezoresistive sensors array armband is proposed for hand gesture recognition. The armband encloses only three sensors targeting specific forearm muscles, with the aim to discriminate eight hand movements. Each sensor is made by a force-sensitive resistor (FSR) with a dedicated mechanical coupler and is designed to sense muscle swelling during contraction. The armband is designed to be easily wearable and adjustable for any user and was tested on 10 volunteers. Hand gestures are classified by means of different machine learning algorithms, and classification performances are assessed applying both, the 10-fold and leave-one-out cross-validations. A linear support vector machine provided 96% mean accuracy across all participants. Ultimately, this classifier was implemented on an Arduino platform and allowed successful control for videogames in real-time. The low power consumption together with the high level of accuracy suggests the potential of this device for exergames commonly employed for neuromotor rehabilitation. The reduced number of sensors makes this HMI also suitable for hand-prosthesis control.

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“…Here, the vision is of an e-textile consisting of a fabric that preserves all the properties of textile fibers, such as comformability, washability, softness or stretchability, and combines them with electronic functionality. The aforementioned electronic functionality often refers to different sensors e.g., for strain, posture, temperature or other physiological signals [5,6] but also includes the associated conditioning circuits, power supply, and signal processing or transmission electronics [7][8][9]. So far, the spectrum of e-textiles ranges from conventional electronics attached to textiles [10] to electronic components build from active textile yarns [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxide Thin-Film Transistors on Fibers for Smart Textiles

et al. 2017

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Smart textiles promise to have a significant impact on future wearable devices. Among the different approaches to combine electronic functionality and fabrics, the fabrication of active fibers results in the most unobtrusive integration and optimal compatibility between electronics and textile manufacturing equipment. The fabrication of electronic devices, in particular transistors on heavily curved, temperature sensitive, and rough textiles fibers is not easily achievable using standard clean room technologies. Hence, we evaluated different fabrication techniques and multiple fibers made from polymers, cotton, metal and glass exhibiting diameters down to 125 µm. The benchmarked techniques include the direct fabrication of thin-film structures using a low temperature shadow mask process, and the transfer of thin-film transistors (TFTs) fabricated on a thin (≈1 µm) flexible polymer membrane. Both approaches enable the fabrication of working devices, in particular the transfer method results in fully functional transistor fibers, with an on-off current ratio >10 7 , a threshold voltage of ≈0.8 V, and a field effect mobility exceeding 7 cm 2 V −1 s −1 . Finally, the most promising fabrication approach is used to integrate a commercial nylon fiber functionalized with InGaZnO TFTs into a woven textile.

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Force Sensing Resistor and Evaluation of Technology for Wearable Body Pressure Sensing

Cited by 113 publications

References 52 publications

Examination of the Performance Characteristics of Velostat as an In-Socket Pressure Sensor

Examination of the Performance Characteristics of Velostat as an In-Socket Pressure Sensor

A Piezoresistive Array Armband With Reduced Number of Sensors for Hand Gesture Recognition

Oxide Thin-Film Transistors on Fibers for Smart Textiles

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