Force oscillations underlying precision grip in humans with lesioned corticospinal tracts

Lafe, Charley W.; Liu, Fang; Simpson, Tyler; Moon, Chan Hong; Collinger, Jennifer L.; Wittenberg, George F.; Urbin, M. A.

doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103398

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…2023 for validation experiments). 26 The calibration procedure was administered at the start of each testing condition as a warm up and to familiarize subjects with holding the sensor and stabilizing force. Measurements obtained from the calibration procedure under the first condition presented to a given subject was used to establish target templates that remained constant across all time points and conditions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Care was taken to ensure subjects gripped the sensor and maintained forearm position the same across all time points and conditions. 29 A calibration procedure and visuomotor task paradigm was created in MATLAB version 2021a (The MathWorks, Inc) (see Lafe et al 2023 for validation experiments). 26 The calibration procedure was administered at the start of each testing condition as a warm up and to familiarize subjects with holding the sensor and stabilizing force.…”

Section: Visuomotor Task Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stabilizing force between transitory states, therefore, underlies our ability to perform everyday tasks such as feeding, grooming, writing, etc. Follow‐up analyses of data acquired as part of experiments from our group show that stabilizing force (root‐mean‐square error, RMSE) from an eccentrically preloaded state during precision grip is uniquely challenging 26 . We therefore tested the effects of PCMS only, task repetition only, and PCMS coinciding with task repetition on precision grip stability from an eccentric preload.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Follow‐up analyses of data acquired as part of experiments from our group show that stabilizing force (root‐mean‐square error, RMSE) from an eccentrically preloaded state during precision grip is uniquely challenging. 26 We therefore tested the effects of PCMS only, task repetition only, and PCMS coinciding with task repetition on precision grip stability from an eccentric preload. We hypothesized that synchronizing the temporally controlled deplorization sequence in the spinal cord within milliseconds of stabilizing precision grip would accelerate early learning of force control by the digits but only in those subject who show upregulated corticospinal excitability in response to conditioning stimulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of noninvasive neuromodulation targeting the spinal cord on early learning of force control by the digits

Urbin,

Lafe,

Bautista

et al. 2024

CNS Neurosci Ther

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AimsControl of finger forces underlies our capacity for skilled hand movements acquired during development and reacquired after neurological injury. Learning force control by the digits, therefore, predicates our functional independence. Noninvasive neuromodulation targeting synapses that link corticospinal neurons onto the final common pathway via spike‐timing‐dependent mechanisms can alter distal limb motor output on a transient basis, yet these effects appear subject to individual differences. Here, we investigated how this form of noninvasive neuromodulation interacts with task repetition to influence early learning of force control during precision grip.MethodsThe unique effects of neuromodulation, task repetition, and neuromodulation coinciding with task repetition were tested in three separate conditions using a within‐subject, cross‐over design (n = 23).ResultsWe found that synchronizing depolarization events within milliseconds of stabilizing precision grip accelerated learning but only after accounting for individual differences through inclusion of subjects who showed upregulated corticospinal excitability at 2 of 3 time points following conditioning stimulation (n = 19).ConclusionsOur findings provide insights into how the state of the corticospinal system can be leveraged to drive early motor skill learning, further emphasizing individual differences in the response to noninvasive neuromodulation. We interpret these findings in the context of biological mechanisms underlying the observed effects and implications for emerging therapeutic applications.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Visuomotor Task Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of noninvasive neuromodulation targeting the spinal cord on early learning of force control by the digits

Urbin,

Lafe,

Bautista

et al. 2024

CNS Neurosci Ther

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Adaptation in the spinal cord after stroke: Implications for restoring cortical control over the final common pathway

Urbin

2024

The Journal of Physiology

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Control of voluntary movement is predicated on integration between circuits in the brain and spinal cord. Although damage is often restricted to supraspinal or spinal circuits in cases of neurological injury, both spinal motor neurons and axons linking these cells to the cortical origins of descending motor commands begin showing changes soon after the brain is injured by stroke. The concept of ‘transneuronal degeneration’ is not new and has been documented in histological, imaging and electrophysiological studies dating back over a century. Taken together, evidence from these studies agrees more with a system attempting to survive rather than one passively surrendering to degeneration. There tends to be at least some preservation of fibres at the brainstem origin and along the spinal course of the descending white matter tracts, even in severe cases. Myelin‐associated proteins are observed in the spinal cord years after stroke onset. Spinal motor neurons remain morphometrically unaltered. Skeletal muscle fibres once innervated by neurons that lose their source of trophic input receive collaterals from adjacent neurons, causing spinal motor units to consolidate and increase in size. Although some level of excitability within the distributed brain network mediating voluntary movement is needed to facilitate recovery, minimal structural connectivity between cortical and spinal motor neurons can support meaningful distal limb function. Restoring access to the final common pathway via the descending input that remains in the spinal cord therefore represents a viable target for directed plasticity, particularly in light of recent advances in rehabilitation medicine. image

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Force oscillations underlying precision grip in humans with lesioned corticospinal tracts

Cited by 2 publications

References 53 publications

Effects of noninvasive neuromodulation targeting the spinal cord on early learning of force control by the digits

Effects of noninvasive neuromodulation targeting the spinal cord on early learning of force control by the digits

Adaptation in the spinal cord after stroke: Implications for restoring cortical control over the final common pathway

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