Force Decay Characteristics of commonly used Elastomeric Chains on Exposure to various Mouth Rinses with different Alcohol Concentration: An in vitro Study

Abstract

Aim:The aim of this study was to test the effect of varying alcohol concentrations of various commercially available mouthwashes on force decay of elastomeric chains in prestretched and unstretched condition. Materials and methods:A total of five specimen groups were tested with a total sample size of 180 specimens. A specimen is described as a three-link, short module, clear elastomeric chain (3M Unitek, Ortho Plus, Ortho Organizer). The control and test groups were independently submerged in separate 37°C artificial saliva to simulate the oral conditions. Effects of different solution groups and time (initial, 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days) on three different elastomeric chains and force (cN) are analyzed with two-way analysis of variance; pair-wise comparisons are done by t-test. Results:Higher mean force was recorded initially followed by 24 hours >7 days >14 days >21 days and 28 days respectively. The difference in mean force decay among the different time intervals was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.001). Among the different solutions, higher mean force was recorded in 21.6% alcohol mixture > Listerine 8.38% > Wokadine > alcohol mixture 8.38% > artificial saliva. Conclusion:In conclusion, alcohol-containing mouth rinses cause an increase in force decay of elastomeric chain over time.Clinical significance: These mouth rinses are commonly recommended during orthodontic treatment. The orthodontist can know better that the alcohol content of the mouth rinses and the structural and molecular modification results in the decay of elastomeric chain.

Comparative evaluation of two cetylpyridinium chloride-based mouthwashes on the mechanical properties and strength loss of elastomeric chains used in dentistry: An vitro study

“…Our study compared two types of mouthwashes based on cetylpyridinium chloride agents, PERIO·AID® 0.05% (chlorhexidine 0.05% + CPC 0.05%) and Vitis CPC Protect® (CPC 0.07%), to assess if their use increases the strength degradation pattern of the polymeric chains. A recent published systematic review and meta-analysis [ 13 ], states that mouthwashes containing alcohol agents such as Listerine® negatively affect the strength of elastomeric chains, increasing the loss of their properties [ [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , 13 ]. However, as the recent literature shows [ [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] ], there are other types of mouthwashes, containing cetylpyridinium chloride agents, with excellent antimicrobial properties that have not been studied yet.…”

“…It was decided to carry out the study for a total of 21 days, in a way similar to authors such as Al-Ani [ 5 ] in 2019 and Javanmardi and Salehi [ 10 ] in 2016. Other authors carried out the measurements over 28 days, although in all of these studies, the pattern of strength degradation followed the same evolution as at 21 days without significant results among those two-time intervals [ [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , 6 , 7 , 11 , 12 , [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] ].…”

“…Elastomeric chains are auxiliary appliances commonly used in dental treatments for multiple purposes due to their great versatility [ 1 , 2 ]. However, their efficacy remains a controversial and a questionable issue due to the rapid decrease of their mechanical properties and loss of strength over time influenced by different external factors [ [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] ].…”

“…The use of mouthwashes in dental patients is a complementary method to brushing that helps in the reduction and elimination of dental plaque. In addition to correcting occlusion and aesthetics, maintaining good oral hygiene is also part of the therapeutic objectives of most dental and orthodontic treatments [ 2 , 3 , 7 ]. However, the repeated use of mouthwashes and certain agents found in them, as a reinforcing element in oral hygiene during such treatments, can influence on the strength pattern of the elastomeric chains and, therefore, could promote loss of their effectiveness [ [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] ].…”

Force decay of orthodontic elastomeric chains: A systematic review

“…However, due to their sensitivity to extended contact with water, enzymes, and temperature fluctuations, these synthetic elastic materials cannot be regarded as ideal elastics. [1][2][3][4][5] They frequently harbour plaque, become discoloured, and experience permanent deformation in the oral environment. Main disadvantage of the elastomeric auxiliaries is their inability to maintain the delivered force for a significant duration.…”