Force calibration in lateral force microscopy: a review of the experimental methods

Munz, Martin

doi:10.1088/0022-3727/43/6/063001

Cited by 76 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 114 publications

(320 reference statements)

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“…For a comprehensive discussion of lateral InvOLS calibration, see these reviews. [33][34][35][36][37] Furthermore, it is important to point out that convergence of local PFM and macroscopic piezoelectric measurements is unlikely due to the highly inhomogeneous electric field at the tip and corresponding locally confined deformation, which might be affected by sample-induced clamping. Thus, the measured response is sensitive not only to piezoelectric, but also elastic moduli, and dielectric constants.…”

Section: * Assumed Anglementioning

confidence: 99%

Piezoelectric Tensor of Collagen Fibrils Determined at the Nanoscale

Denning

Kilpatrick

Fukada

et al. 2017

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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Piezoelectric properties of rat tail tendons, sectioned at angles of 0, 59, and 90°relative to the plane orthogonal to the major axis, were measured using piezoresponse force microscopy. The piezoelectric tensor at the length scale of an individual fibril was determined from angle-dependent in-plane and out-of-plane piezoelectric measurements. The longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient for individual fibrils at the nanoscale was found to be roughly an order of magnitude greater than that reported for macroscopic measurements of tendon, the low response of which stems from the presence of oppositely oriented fibrils, as confirmed here.

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Section: * Assumed Anglementioning

confidence: 99%

Piezoelectric Tensor of Collagen Fibrils Determined at the Nanoscale

Denning

Kilpatrick

Fukada

et al. 2017

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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“…The calibration of the lateral force of AFM cantilevers is still a matter of debate despite lateral force measurements being produced with the AFM for almost 25 years. 51,52 Previously described methods for manipulation of individual fibres and fixing them at two points are both time consuming, [53][54][55][56] and prone to add defects to the fibres.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile testing of individual glassy, rubbery and hydrogel electrospun polymer nanofibres to high strain using the atomic force microscope

et al. 2013

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The production and use of polymer nanofibre assemblies prepared by electrospinning is now widespread. It is known that the tensile properties of electrospun polymer fibres can be different to those of bulk polymers. Here, we report a general method for measuring the tensile properties of individual electrospun nanofibres that employs a commercial atomic force microscope. Methods for preparing samples, force calibration and calculation of tensile stress and strain are described along with error estimation. By appropriate choice of AFM cantilever, it is shown that the tensile stress-strain curves can be measured for glassy, rubbery and gel polymer nanofibres. Testing can be in air or fluid and to strains of 300%. Example results illustrate the usefulness of the technique with the observation of high ductility in normally brittle glassy polymers such as polystyrene, and unusually large hysteresis in thermoplastic elastomer nanofibres. These observations provide new insights into the structure and mechanical behaviour of nanoscale polymeric materials. 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. AbstractThe production and use of polymer nanofibre assemblies prepared by electrospinning is now

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“…Due to rotational misalignment of the photodetector during lateral force measurements, the vector representing the lateral shift of the laser has a non-zero vertical shift. 34 A substantial height change is observed in Figure 3b at a distance of around 6.5µm, which we suggest is due to fiber breakage. The frequency of these types of events can be determined by histogram analysis of the population of peak heights.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Dip-and-Drag Lateral Force Spectroscopy for Measuring Adhesive Forces between Nanofibers

Dolan¹,

Yakubov²,

Greene

et al. 2016

Langmuir

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Adhesive interactions between nano-fibers strongly influence the mechanical behavior of soft materials comprised of fibrous networks. We use atomic force microscopy (AFM) in lateral force mode to drag a cantilever tip through fibrous networks, and use the measured lateral force response to determine the adhesive forces between fibers of the order of 100 nm diameter. The peaks in lateral force curves are directly related to the detachment energy between two fibers; the data is analyzed using the Jarzynski equality to yield the average adhesion energy of the weakest links. The method is successfully used to measure adhesion forces arising from van der Waals interactions between electrospun polymer fibers in networks of varying density. This approach overcomes the need to isolate and handle individual fibers, and can be readily employed in the design and evaluation of advanced materials and biomaterials which, through inspiration from nature, are increasingly incorporating nano-fibers. The data obtained with this technique may also be of critical importance in the development of network models capable of predicting the mechanics of fibrous materials.

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Force calibration in lateral force microscopy: a review of the experimental methods

Cited by 76 publications

References 114 publications

Piezoelectric Tensor of Collagen Fibrils Determined at the Nanoscale

Piezoelectric Tensor of Collagen Fibrils Determined at the Nanoscale

Tensile testing of individual glassy, rubbery and hydrogel electrospun polymer nanofibres to high strain using the atomic force microscope

Dip-and-Drag Lateral Force Spectroscopy for Measuring Adhesive Forces between Nanofibers

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