Foraminifera: A biological overview

Goldstein, Susan T.

doi:10.1007/0-306-48104-9_3

Cited by 149 publications

(149 citation statements)

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“…Many foraminiferans cover a fairly large sediment surface area with their pseudopodia and gather food particles that are transported to, and concentrate in their cytoplasm. Photographs of foraminiferans with extended pseudopodial networks gathering food particles are published by Travis and Bowser (1991), Cedhagen (1988, 2010, Richardson andCedhagen (2001), andGoldstein (1999). The granuloreticular pseudopodia are able to collect even a sparse food resource.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Algal pigments in Southern Ocean abyssal foraminiferans indicate pelagobenthic coupling

Cedhagen

Cheah

Bracher

et al. 2014

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

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a b s t r a c tThe cytoplasm of four species of abyssal benthic foraminiferans from the Southern Ocean (around 511S; 121W and 501S; 391W) was analysed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and found to contain large concentrations of algal pigments and their degradation products. The composition of the algal pigments in the foraminiferan cytoplasm reflected the plankton community at the surface. Some foraminiferans contained high ratios of chlorophyll a/degraded pigments because they were feeding on fresher phytodetritus. Other foraminiferans contained only degraded pigments which shows that they utilized degraded phytodetritus. The concentration of algal pigment and corresponding degradation products in the foraminiferan cytoplasm is much higher than in the surrounding sediment. It shows that the foraminiferans collect a diluted and sparse food resource and concentrate it as they build up their cytoplasm. This ability contributes to the understanding of the great quantitative success of foraminiferans in the deep sea. Benthic foraminiferans are a food source for many abyssal metazoans. They form a link between the degraded food resources, phytodetritus, back to the active metazoan food chains.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Algal pigments in Southern Ocean abyssal foraminiferans indicate pelagobenthic coupling

Cedhagen

Cheah

Bracher

et al. 2014

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

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“…1A. Chamber formation was visually detected by observing pseudopodial retraction and gathering of food particles around the shell and space where the new chamber was going to be formed (reviewed in Goldstein, 1999). Throughout chamber formation, individuals remained in a fixed position attached to the bottom of the Petri dish, allowing accurate placement of the microsensor tips and ensuring a stable position of the electrode during chamber formation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1, model based on Erez, 2003). CaCO 3 precipitation is catalyzed on the surface of an organic template termed primary organic sheet (POS), being formed after establishment of the DBS (reviewed in Erez, 2003;Goldstein, 1999). In benthic rotalid foraminifera calcite wall thickening proceeds in two layers, termed 'primary calcite' on the POS of the newly forming chamber and a secondary layer termed 'secondary calcite' ( (Angell, 1967), reviewed in Erez, 2003;Hansen, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcification acidifies the microenvironment of a benthic foraminifer (Ammonia sp.)

Glas

Langer

Keul

2012

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

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Calcareous foraminifera are well known for their CaCO 3 shells. Yet, CaCO 3 precipitation acidifies the calcifying fluid. Calcification without pH regulation would therefore rapidly create a negative feedback for CaCO 3 precipitation. In unicellular organisms, like foraminifera, an effective mechanism to counteract this acidification could be the externalization of H + from the site of calcification. In this study we show that a benthic symbiont-free foraminifer Ammonia sp. actively decreases pH within its extracellular microenvironment only while precipitating calcite. During chamber formation events the strongest pH decreases occurred in the vicinity of a newly forming chamber (range of gradient~100 μm) with a recorded minimum of 6.31 (b 10 μm from the shell) and a maximum duration of 7 h. The acidification was actively regulated by the foraminifera and correlated with shell diameters, indicating that the amount of protons removed during calcification is directly related to the volume of calcite precipitated. The here presented findings imply that H + expulsion as a result of calcification may be a wider strategy for maintaining pH homeostasis in unicellular calcifying organisms.

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“…A study by Kitazato (1995) has also suggested that foraminifera have particular substrate preferences, which are dependent upon grain size and roundness, as well as compaction of surrounding sediment. The coarse grain size, and rapid compaction of sediment as it accumulates following deposition of a turbidity flow result in conditions unsuitable for habitation by T. earlandi populations (Goldstein, 1999). This prevents the population from undergoing a reproduction event at the end of summer in MC 1-2, and the subsequent population at the onset of the 2004 meltwater season is relatively low (sedimentwater interface; Fig.…”

Section: Response To Episodic Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This process leaves the original test devoid of protoplasm, which therefore remains in situ as sediment accumulates above it. Foraminifera often reproduce in clusters, resulting in significant peaks in abundance of empty tests (Goldstein, 1999;Murray and Bowser, 2000). The highest peaks in abundance of unstained Elphidium spp.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra-annual Variability in Benthic Foraminiferal Abundance in Sediments of Disenchantment Bay, an Alaskan Glacial Fjord

Ullrich

Cowan

Zellers

et al. 2009

Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research

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Foraminifera: A biological overview

Cited by 149 publications

References 0 publications

Algal pigments in Southern Ocean abyssal foraminiferans indicate pelagobenthic coupling

Algal pigments in Southern Ocean abyssal foraminiferans indicate pelagobenthic coupling

Calcification acidifies the microenvironment of a benthic foraminifer (Ammonia sp.)

Intra-annual Variability in Benthic Foraminiferal Abundance in Sediments of Disenchantment Bay, an Alaskan Glacial Fjord

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