Foraging of Iberian fattening pigs grazing natural pasture in the dehesa

Rodríguez-Estévez, Vicente; García, Antón; Peña, Francisco; Gómez, A.G.

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2008.05.006

Cited by 97 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This paper is focused on the second component: average acorn mass. Rodríguez-Estévez et al (2009) found that at the start of the acorn dissemination period for Holm Oak trees, Iberian pigs preferred larger (longer and wider) and heavier acorns, with high pulp content. At the end of the period, according to Emlen (1966), that selection would be based on acorn composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Do ecological and silvicultural factors influence acorn mass in Holm Oak (southwestern Spain)?

et al. 2011

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The effect of orientation, location, year, and pruning treatment on mean acorn mass in two open woodland experimental locations (Huelva, South-Western Spain) of Holm Oak (Quercus ilex L. subsp. ballota [Desf.] Samp.) was analyzed during [2001][2002][2003][2004][2005][2006]. Data were analyzed by using a mixed linear model, where the covariates were tree size parameters (circumference at 80 cm height, crown size), topographic position (wet index and flow length), intraspecific competition, total acorn crops per tree (weight and number), and climatic parameters. Average estimated acorn mass was 3.17 g acorn -1 in the Calañas location and 4.12 g acorn -1 in the San Bartolomé location, with significant differences between locations, among individual trees and across years. Acorns from the south sides of trees were significantly heavier than those at other positions. The effect of pruning treatment and the interactions location 9 treatment and treatment 9 year were not significant. Our study provides no evidence that pruning affects acorn mass. None of the analyzed covariates related to tree size, topographic position and intraspecific competition explained the difference among trees, suggesting that heritable factors play an important role. Specific climatic parameters during September, the most important month for acorn growth, may explain the effects of year and location 9 year on acorn mass. In addition, there appeared to be a ''trade-off'' between acorn mass and number of acorns.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Do ecological and silvicultural factors influence acorn mass in Holm Oak (southwestern Spain)?

et al. 2011

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“…In terms of supplementary feed being fed ad libitum, intake from direct foraging is rather low with 4% of daily organic matter intake as reported by Mowat et al (2001). A higher forage intake is found when supplementary feed is restricted, with intake amounting up to 15% of total DM intake/day (Riart, 2002;Rodríguez-Estévez et al, 2009). In accordance, foraging activity have been found to increase in feed restricted pigs compared with non-restricted pigs (Stern and Andresen, 2003;Kongsted et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Foraging behaviour, nutrient intake from pasture and performance of free-range growing pigs in relation to feed CP level in two organic cropping systems

Jakobsen

Kongsted

Hermansen

2015

Animal

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In organic pig production one of the major challenges is to be able to fulfil amino acid requirements based on organic and locally grown protein feed crops. The pig is an opportunistic omnivore with a unique capacity for foraging above and below the soil surface. It is hypothesized that direct foraging in the range area can pose an important contribution in terms of fulfilling nutrient requirements of growing pigs. Foraging activity, lucerne nutrient intake and pig performance were investigated in 36 growing pigs, foraging on lucerne or grass and fed either a standard organic pelleted feed mixture (HP: high protein) or a grain mixture containing 48% less CP (LP: low protein) compared with the high protein feed mixture, from an average live weight of 58 kg to 90 kg in a complete block design in three replicates. The pigs were fed 80% of energy recommendations and had access to 4 m 2 of pasture/pig per day during the 40 days experimental period from September to October 2013. Behavioural observations were carried out 12 times over the entire experimental period. For both crops, LP pigs rooted significantly more compared with HP pigs but the effect of CP level was more pronounced in grass (44% v. 19% of all observations) compared with lucerne (28% v. 16% of all observations). Feed protein level turned out not to have any significant effect on grazing behaviour but pigs foraging on lucerne grazed significantly more than pigs foraging on grass (10% v. 4% of all observations). Daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio were significantly affected by feed protein and forage crop interactions. Compared to HP pigs, LP treated pigs had 33% lower daily weight gain (589 v. 878 g) and 31% poorer feed conversion ratio (3.75 v. 2.59 kg feed/kg weight gain) in grass paddocks, whereas in lucerne paddocks LP pigs only had 18% lower daily weight gain (741 v. 900 g) and a 14% poorer feed conversion ratio (2.95 v. 2.54 kg feed/kg weight gain) compared with HP pigs. LP pigs foraging on lucerne used 169 g less concentrate CP/kg weight gain, compared with HP pigs, indicating the nitrogen efficiency of the system. The results indicate that direct foraging of lucerne may be a valuable strategy in terms of accommodating CP and lysine requirements of organic growing pigs.

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“…Além dessas vantagens e caso sejam adotados manejos adequados, a criação ao ar livre permitirá complementar a dieta dos animais com o uso da pastagem, proporcionando maior fertilidade de solo e propriedades físicas desejáveis, tal como diminuição da erosão e aumento da ciclagem de nutrientes (Rodríguez-Estévez et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Caracterização bioclimática de sistemas ao ar livre e confinado para a criação de matrizes suínas gestantes

Nazareno

Silva

Nunes

et al. 2012

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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R ESU M OO confinamento de matrizes suínas foi criado com o intuito de maximizar a produtividade; entretanto, existem problemas relacionados ao bem-estar animal. Objetivou-se avaliar a criação de matrizes suínas gestantes no sistema de confinamento e ao ar livre, com relação ao ambiente térmico e às respostas fisiológicas. O experimento foi realizado em Monte Mor/SP. A avaliação fisiológica foi realizada por meio do registro das variáveis: frequência respiratória e temperatura de pele. Foram registradas as variáveis meteorológicas: temperatura de bulbo seco, temperatura de bulbo úmido e temperatura de globo negro, caracterizando o ambiente por meio da entalpia e índice de temperatura de globo e umidade. Foram utilizados seis animais por tratamento. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em parcelas subdivididas, e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey. As variáveis fisiológicas e meteorológicas apresentaram valores superiores no confinamento. O sistema de criação ao ar livre potencializou as trocas térmicas entre os animais e o ambiente, o que refletiu em menor estresse por calor observado nos animais.Palavras-chave: suíno, bem-estar animal, conforto térmico, sistemas de produção Bioclimatic characterization of outdoor and confined systems for pregnant sows A B ST R A C T Pregnant sows confinement systems were created in order to maximize the productivity, however there are problems concerning the animal welfare. The aim of this research was to evaluate pregnant sows in outdoors and in confinement systems in relation to the thermal environment and physiological animal responses. The experiment was conducted in a commercial farm in Monte Mor city, São Paulo, Brazil. The physiological evaluation was performed by recording physiological variables, such as respiratory frequency and skin temperature. Furthermore, variables like dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, and black globe temperature were also evaluated to characterize the ambient by means of enthalpy and black globe humidity index. In each treatment six animals were evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized in a split-plot version whose averages were compared by the Tukey test. The findings of the experiment revealed higher values for all the bioclimatic variables in the confined treatment. Hence, the outdoor system provided better thermal conditioning for pigs, resulting in a lower heat stress.

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Foraging of Iberian fattening pigs grazing natural pasture in the dehesa

Cited by 97 publications

References 22 publications

Do ecological and silvicultural factors influence acorn mass in Holm Oak (southwestern Spain)?

Do ecological and silvicultural factors influence acorn mass in Holm Oak (southwestern Spain)?

Foraging behaviour, nutrient intake from pasture and performance of free-range growing pigs in relation to feed CP level in two organic cropping systems

Caracterização bioclimática de sistemas ao ar livre e confinado para a criação de matrizes suínas gestantes

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