Foraging Ecology of Three Sympatric Turacos in a Montane Forest in Rwanda

Sun, Chin; Moermond, Timothy C.

doi:10.2307/4089241

Cited by 35 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Therefore, macaws often extensively foraged on few fruit types regardless of the number of fruiting species. This emphasizes the abundance and nutritional quality of large seeds exploited as a very important factor to attract macaws to the urban area, which is expected for opportunistic frugivores/granivores which search for erratic and massive fruiting patches (Sun and Moermond, 1997;Renton, 2001;Moegenburg and Levey, 2003;RagusaNetto, 2006RagusaNetto, , 2007b.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant food resources exploited by Blue-and-Yellow Macaws (Ara ararauna, Linnaeus 1758) at an urban area in Central Brazil

Ragusa-Netto

2014

Braz. J. Biol.

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In this study, we described the food plants available to Blue-and-Yellow Macaws (Ara ararauna), its feeding habits and the relationship between these parameters with feeding niche breadth. We established four transects, each one 12 km long, to sample fruiting plants and the feeding habits of this macaw (monthly 40 h, of observations), at the urban areas of Três Lagoas (Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil). During all studied months, macaws foraged for palm fruits, mainly Syagrus oleracea and Acrocomia aculeata fruit pulp, both available all year, as well as Caryocar brasiliense and Anacardium occidentale seeds, in the wet season. The year-round feeding activity of macaws suggests Três Lagoas city as an adequate feeding area. The permanent availability of plant food resources, potentially, resulted from the diverse fruiting patterns of exotic and, mainly, native plant species, which provided a variety of suitable fruit patches.Keywords: frugivory, Psittacidae, Ara ararauna, urban ecosystems, feeding ecology.Plantas alimentares exploradas pela Arara Canindé (Ara ararauna, Linnaeus 1758) em uma área urbana do Brasil Central ResumoNeste estudo, nós descrevemos as plantas alimentares disponíveis para Arara-Canindé (Ara ararauna), sua atividade alimentar, bem como a relação desses parâmetros com a amplitude do seu nicho alimentar. Para tanto, estabelecemos quatro trajetos, cada um com 12 km, dispersos na área urbana de Três Lagoas (Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil). A partir deles amostramos, mensalmente durante 40 h, as espécies vegetais que frutificavam e a atividade alimentar dessa ave. As araras exploraram frutos em todos os meses do ano e consumiram principalmente frutos comuns e nutritivos. Entre os itens mais explorados pelas araras estiveram as sementes de Anacardium occidentale e Caryocar brasiliense, cuja frutificação ocorreu durante a estação chuvosa, bem como a polpa dos frutos das palmeiras Syagrus oleracea e Acrocomia aculeata, que frutificaram o ano todo. A presença de araras forrageando todos os meses em Três Lagoas sugere a adequação dessa área urbana como local de alimentação. A disponibilidade de recursos alimentares ao longo do ano, potencialmente, decorreu da combinação da variedade dos padrões de frutificação em espécies vegetais exóticas e, sobretudo, nativas que proporcionaram oferta abundante e variada de recurso alimentar.Palavras-chave: frugivoria, Psittacidae, Ara ararauna, ecossistemas urbanos, ecologia alimentar.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant food resources exploited by Blue-and-Yellow Macaws (Ara ararauna, Linnaeus 1758) at an urban area in Central Brazil

Ragusa-Netto

2014

Braz. J. Biol.

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“…Dysoxylum maoto and Dysoxylum samoensis, both indigenous to Samoa (Whistler 1994), are in peak fruit from January through September (Webb et al 1999). We recorded visitation and feeding based on scan sampling (Altmann 1974), a method used commonly to assess behaviour of both birds and fruit bats (Pitter and Christiansen 1997;Sun and Moermond 1997; Ochoa-Acuna and Kunz 1999;Munoz-Romo 2006), as well as to investigate visitation and feeding at focal trees (Boinski and Scott 1988;Tirado Herrera et al 2003;Kirika et al 2008). Observations at Erythrina focal trees were made between 05:00 and 09:00 to capture peak feeding times for most avian and fruit-bat species.…”

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confidence: 99%

Altered Ecologies: Fire, climate and human influence on terrestrial landscapes: Terra Australis 32

Haberle¹,

Stevenson²,

Prebble³

2010

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terra australis 32Terra Australis reports the results of archaeological and related research within the south and east of Asia, though mainly Australia, New Guinea and island Melanesia -lands that remained terra australis incognita to generations of prehistorians. Its subject is the settlement of the diverse environments in this isolated quarter of the globe by peoples who have maintained their discrete and traditional ways of life into the recent recorded or remembered past and at times into the observable present.Since the beginning of the series, the basic colour on the spine and cover has distinguished the regional distribution of topics as follows: ochre for Australia, green for New Guinea, red for South-East Asia and blue for the Pacific Islands. From 2001, issues with a gold spine will include conference proceedings, edited papers and monographs which in topic or desired format do not fit easily within the original arrangements. All volumes are numbered within the same series. Copyright of the text remains with the contributors/authors, 2009. This book is copyright in all countries subscribing to the Berne convention. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission. Inquiries should be made to the publisher. Among saltbush greyer than seaweed we boardwalk the yeasting waves of the old golden-perch pond. List of volumes in Terra AustralisRabbit dung dots a lake bottom dry since their coming -only once, last century, after seven inches of rain a farmer had to rescue his sheep by boat.The roo bounces down-slope, a brown branch crackling.The professor's eye, noting the local runoff and what the westerlies do, observes seas that rush in and out of a continent's middle, salt lakes spreading and emptying, hills pimpling up and down with cartoon-like speed, or gullying themselves into extinction, rainforests and deserts zipping back and forth like Tom and Jerry. A human mouse plague swiftly swarms, perhaps soon gone.Impermanent planet. Impermanent surface. All under air and water. The lunette is a wave, a dumper of sand, a collapsing tower in the mad rabbit years when its top blew off and old bones winked through, with a vault's worth of fine stone cores.Once so simply mislaid in sand, now so obligingly sluiced out to the un-subincised world that smiles at stone knives. terra australis 32Altered Ecologies: Fire, climate and human influence on terrestrial landscapes v You might as well offer your table knife to a carpenter.Cane grass and the Dreamtime's stone fight the eroding rivulets together. In today's rare downpour each lost core, or blunted scraper crowns some tiny eroding hillock, plops its anchor in the dissolving silts.The bettong whose skin took off the stone tool's edge has vanished -sacrifice to future fertility.Through the softening soil Homo sapiens's skeleton bumps up like a carp's back.Waits for the wind to shave it off in pieces.A D-section and a ti...

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“…Sob o ponto de vista nutricional, KUNZ & DIAZ (1995) propõem que a utilização de folhas por mamíferos frugívoros é uma complementação proteica à dieta exclusiva de frutos, o que pode acontecer também em aves quando a oferta de frutos é reduzida no ambiente (SUN & MOERMOND, 1997). Flores não devem ser protegidas contra predação porque a síntese de metabólitos secundários para proteger uma parte da planta que tem vida curta é um desperdício energético (HARBORNE, 1993).…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Dieta de Traupíneos (Passeriformes, Emberizidae) no Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca, Minas Gerais, Brasil

Manhães

2003

Iheringia, Sér. Zool.

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DIET OF TANAGERS (PASSERIFORMES, EMBERIZIDAE) IN IBITIPOCA STATE PARK, MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL. Eleven species of tanagers in Ibitipoca StatePark, Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil, were studied for 12 months and the birds diet was described. Fruits of 52 plant species were the main item consumed for all tanagers, representing 59.70% of all items in 1330 events, although different proportions in the use of this resource have been found among the bird species. The main plant families found were Myrtaceae with eight species accounting for 22.29% (n=177), and Melastomataceae with seven species accounting for 22.29% (n=177) of fruit intake. The most frequent plant species in the diet was Cecropia glaziovi Snethl. (Cecropiaceae), which made up 17.76% (n=141) of fruit intake of all species of tanagers. Arthropod consumption came second with 22.63% (n=301), but flowers, leaves, nectar, food remains left by tourists and galls were also represented. Several environmental features influenced diet composition. An Asteraceae, Vanillosmopsis erythropappa Schultz, very common in the park, was important for some birds as its flowers attracted arthropods and its branches and leaves were used as a substrate for insectivory. Fruit intake rate, some bird-plant interaction and features of food-handling were also discussed, pointing to the importance of these birds for the structure of the heterogeneous local landscape, possibly through the spread of seeds of different plant species.

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Foraging Ecology of Three Sympatric Turacos in a Montane Forest in Rwanda

Cited by 35 publications

References 17 publications

Plant food resources exploited by Blue-and-Yellow Macaws (Ara ararauna, Linnaeus 1758) at an urban area in Central Brazil

Plant food resources exploited by Blue-and-Yellow Macaws (Ara ararauna, Linnaeus 1758) at an urban area in Central Brazil

Altered Ecologies: Fire, climate and human influence on terrestrial landscapes: Terra Australis 32

Dieta de Traupíneos (Passeriformes, Emberizidae) no Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca, Minas Gerais, Brasil

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