Foraging behavior of Honey Bees on selected Alfalfa Clones<sup>1</sup>

Boren, Roger B.; Parker, Ralph L.; Sorensen, E. L.

doi:10.2135/cropsci1962.0011183x000200030002x

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…(1964) estimated that more than half of the seed in bee-pollinated crosses of alfalfa were self-pollinated . Crossing effectiveness using honeybees has been shown to vary widely depending on plant spacing, pollinator attraction, ease of tripping, and environmental factors (Kehr, 1973 for particular clones (Boren et al ., 1962) . The extent to which honeybees exhibited a preference for flatpea accessions with varying concentrations of A2bu was not determined in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flatpea crossing methods and germplasm screening for reduced 2,4-diaminobutyric acid composition

1990

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Flatpea (Lathyrus sylvestris L.) is a potentially valuable forage legume, but it contains high levels of 2,4-diaminobutyric acid (A2bu), a compound that can have adverse effects on some animals, including rats and poultry . This study evaluated intercrossed pollination methodology needed for cultivar improvement and characterized intercrossed progeny for A 2bu concentration . Pollen germination on an artificial medium, using pollen collected during different stages of flower development, was used to identify appropriate stages for flower emasculation . Pollen dehiscence occurred at an early-bud stage when petal color was first evident . Slightly more mature buds contained pollen with substantially higher in vitro germination than pollen from early-bud stage flowers . Lines that produced high numbers of seeds per pollination were identified from crosses between flatpea accessions . Cross-pollination resulted in significantly higher seed set than selfing .Pollination using caged honeybees was the most efficient method of hybridization, although the degree of inbreeding in bee-pollinated plants could not be determined . Intercrossed progeny produced by honeybee pollination contained a lower mean concentration of foliar A2bu than the mean for flatpea accessions .Abbreviations : HPLC -high performance liquid chromatography ; OPA -ortho-phthalaldehyde

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flatpea crossing methods and germplasm screening for reduced 2,4-diaminobutyric acid composition

1990

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“…Furthermore, comparing the chemical signals of crops with those of their wild relatives may reveal why cultivated plants are often less attractive to pollinators than wild types (Young and Severson 1994). Similarly, comparisons among crop varieties will uncover why some varieties are more attractive to bees than others (Boren et al 1962;Loper et al 1974). Recently, it was shown that inbreeding level is a factor influencing floral scent chemistry, which might likewise affect bee-crop interactions.…”

Section: Floral Scent and Crop Pollinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The chemical ecology and evolution of bee–flower interactions: a review and perspectivesThe present review is one in the special series of reviews on animal–plant interactions.

2010

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Bees and angiosperms have shared a long and intertwined evolutionary history and their interactions have resulted in remarkable adaptations. Yet, at a time when the “pollination crisis” is of major concern as natural populations of both wild and honey bees ( Apis mellifera L., 1758) face alarming decline rates at a worldwide scale, there are important gaps in our understanding of the ecology and evolution of bee–flower interactions. In this review, we summarize and discuss the current knowledge about the role of floral chemistry versus other communication channels in bee-pollinated flowering plants, both at the macro- and micro-evolutionary levels, and across the specialization–generalization gradient. The available data illustrate that floral scents and floral chemistry have been largely overlooked in bee–flower interactions, and that pollination studies integrating these components along with pollinator behaviour in a phylogenetic context will help gain considerable insights into the sensory ecology and the evolution of bees and their associated flowering plants.

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“…It is also important to achieve the highest possible outcrossing rates to maximize heterozygosity. Carrots and onions exhibit serious inbreeding depression for important agronomic characters (Fabig and Nowak 1975, Roth j ^g j^ ^^^^ .^^g^^g ^^^ ^^^^ ^^^ pollination, individual plants may not contribute equally to the next generation because of '^'^^^ preference for certain genotypes (Boren et al 1962, Pedersen 1967, Gorz and Haskins 1971 and without random mating, the effective population size will be less than the optimum.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of various insects in germplasm regeneration of carrot, onion and turnip rape accessions

Schittenhelm¹,

Giadis

Rao³

1997

Plant Breeding

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Seed regeneration is one of the most important tasks in genebank work. To regenerate germplasm of allogamous, entomophilous plant species in isolation facilities, insects are often used as pollen vectors. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of pollinator species, pollinator densities, polHnator combinations, and flower preferences on the seed quantity and quality of Daucus carota, Allium cepa, and Brassica rapa. The isozyme phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI) served as genetic marker in determining outcrossing rates and pollen dispersal distances. Field plots and isolation cages without msects were used as controls. The polhnators studied consisted of the following insect species from German native fauna: red mason bees (05m/« rw/a L.), hoverflies (£n-stalis tenax L.), and blowflies {Calliphora sp. and Lucilia sp.). In D. carota and B. rapa, higher seed yields were achieved in isolation cages than in field plots, but in A. cepa lower seed yields were obtained in the isolation cages. Although O. rufa showed no liking for A. cepa, unintentional polhnation was effected by this insect in isolation cages. Lower insect densities were necessary for O. rufa than for the various fly species.

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Foraging behavior of Honey Bees on selected Alfalfa Clones¹

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Flatpea crossing methods and germplasm screening for reduced 2,4-diaminobutyric acid composition

Flatpea crossing methods and germplasm screening for reduced 2,4-diaminobutyric acid composition

The chemical ecology and evolution of bee–flower interactions: a review and perspectivesThe present review is one in the special series of reviews on animal–plant interactions.

Efficiency of various insects in germplasm regeneration of carrot, onion and turnip rape accessions

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Foraging behavior of Honey Bees on selected Alfalfa Clones1

Cited by 14 publications

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Flatpea crossing methods and germplasm screening for reduced 2,4-diaminobutyric acid composition

Flatpea crossing methods and germplasm screening for reduced 2,4-diaminobutyric acid composition

The chemical ecology and evolution of bee–flower interactions: a review and perspectivesThe present review is one in the special series of reviews on animal–plant interactions.

Efficiency of various insects in germplasm regeneration of carrot, onion and turnip rape accessions

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Foraging behavior of Honey Bees on selected Alfalfa Clones¹