Forage Yield and Quality of Chicory, Birdsfoot Trefoil, and Alfalfa During the Establishment Year

Chapman, Grant; Bork, Edward W.; Donkor, N. T.; Hudson, Robert J.

doi:10.2174/1874331500802010068

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Chicory is a forbs with rapid growth where it can be carried out uniformly or harvested at the age of 21 days. This was in line with Chapman et al (2008) research, where chicory planted with Lotus corniculatus and Medicago sativa in the second harvest (28 cm) was higher than the first harvest (21 cm). In addition, the plant's genetics affects plant growth where it is in accordance with Roustakhiz and Majnabadi (2017) statement that chicory is an annual plant that grows upright, has deep roots so that it can withstand drought, is 80-90 cm high and if allowed to grow upright it can reach 200 cm without harvesting.…”

Section: Plant Heightsupporting

confidence: 91%

The Effect of Harvest Age on Different Regrowth on Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) Forage Yield by Intercropped with Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott

et al. 2021

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This research was carried out to examine the chicory forage yields on different regrowth which were intercropped with Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott (dwarf elephant grass) on different regrowth due to various harvest age. The research was conducted in the Laboratory of Forage and Pasture, Faculty of Animal Science UGM for 7 months, with a split-plot design and analyzed by Duncan with a total of 9 plots and an area of 2.5x2.5 m2 for each plot. The main plot was the harvest age treatment (30, 45, and 60 days) and the subplot was the regrowth (first and second). In the first stage, as many as 9 cuttings of dwarf elephant grass in one plot were planted with a spacing of 1x1 m2 until the plant height reaches 10 to 15 cm, then the chicory seeds were spread among the dwarf elephant grass plants with the sand mixture. The results showed the harvest age had a significant effect (P<0.05) on chicory's plant height, fresh forage yield, dry matter content, dry matter digestibility, and organic matter digestibility. The 30 to 45 days harvest age performed a higher fresh production more than the 45 days to 60 days harvest age. The 60 days harvest age and second regrowth yielded the highest mixed fresh production compared to the other harvest ages, namely from 12.50 ton/ha to 25.26 ton/ha. Based on the research results showed that the older the harvest age (60 days) increased the biomass of plant production but decreased the plant digestibility. The second regrowth was able to produce higher than the first regrowth, but there was no significant effect on the dry matter content and forage digestibility.

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Section: Plant Heightsupporting

confidence: 91%

The Effect of Harvest Age on Different Regrowth on Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) Forage Yield by Intercropped with Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott

et al. 2021

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“…Low chicory stand longevity (<3 years) has been reported in many other studies in the northeastern United States (Belesky et al, 1999;Labreveux et al, 2004;Li & Kemp, 2005;Sanderson et al, 2003aSanderson et al, , 2005, with stand loss being attributed to both drought (Skinner, 2008) and winterkill (Chapman et al, 2008;Sanderson et al, 2003a). In contrast to the current results, Skinner (2002) observed increased winterhardiness of chicory following drought conditions as compared to wet conditions.…”

Section: Forage Mass and Botanical Compositioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

Managing interspecies competition to improve spring pasture maturity, nutritive value, and biomass

Mercier

Billman²,

Soder

et al. 2023

Crop Science

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In much of the United States, wet springs often cause poor field conditions leading to harvest and/or grazing delays and subsequent reductions in forage nutritive value. The objective of this study was to compare monocultures and combinations of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), chicory (Cichorium intybus L.), and white clover (Trifolium repens L.) to determine the effects of interspecies competition on plant maturity, nutritive value, and forage mass over two consecutive springs. It was hypothesized that shade and competition from chicory would delay orchardgrass maturity resulting in greater nutritive value and an extended harvest or grazing window for high‐nutritive value forage. Mixtures containing chicory delayed orchardgrass maturity by at least 9 days in the first spring as compared to orchardgrass monocultures and orchardgrass‐white clover mixtures. Even with decreased chicory mass in the second year (due to drought and winterkill), both 1:1:1 and 4:1:1 (ratio of seeds per hectare) orchardgrass–white clover–chicory mixtures provided greater forage mass and nutritive value (crude protein and net energy) yield over 2 years compared to an orchardgrass monoculture; however, only the 1:1:1 orchardgrass–white clover–chicory mixture provided greater benefits to forage mass and nutritive value yield when compared to orchardgrass–white clover mixtures that are commonly found on farms. This study showed that chicory inclusion provides benefits to orchardgrass and orchardgrass–white clover pastures when planted in appropriate seed proportions; however, increasing chicory longevity will require further investigation to provide continued benefits in perennial cool‐season grass and legume pasture systems.

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“…Pastures that contain legumes with condensed tannins can also be grazed in stands comprised of more than 50% legumes. However, BFT is slow to establish, often competing poorly with weeds (Hunt et al, 2015), and has relatively poor DM production in the year following planting (Chapman et al, 2008). As an alternative to the use of herbicides, perennial legumes can be seeded with a small grain companion crop to reduce weed competition in the planting year and increase total planting year DM production (Schmid and Behrens, 1972; Wiersma et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Wong, 2005); slow establishment is a major barrier to widespread cultivation of BFT (Laskey and Wakefield, 1978). Small seed size and poor seedling vigor make early weed competition a significant challenge in the establishment of BFT (Henson and Taymon, 1961; Chapman et al, 2008). Herbicide use during establishment of BFT can reduce weed competition, increase DM production during the planting year (Scholl and Brunk, 1962; Wakefield and Skaland, 1965), and increase total DM production over the subsequent 2 yr (Linscott and Hagin, 1978), but other methods must be used for organic forage establishment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seeding Rate, Oat Companion Crop, and Planting Season Effects on Irrigated Organic Birdsfoot Trefoil Stands in the Mountain West United States

2016

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The nonbloating perennial legume birdsfoot trefoil (BFT, Lotus corniculatus L.) is well suited for ruminant production on pastures, supporting greater weight gain and milk production than other forages. This study evaluated establishment options available to organic producers on subsequent BFT stands. We applied all combinations of spring vs. autumn planting, broadcast seeding rates of 3, 7, 20, and 34 kg pure live seed (PLS) ha−1, and use of an annual oat (Avena sativa L.) companion crop during establishment. These options were assessed using a split‐split‐split plot experimental design with four replications. Dry matter (DM) production and forage nutritive value under irrigation were assessed for 3 yr, and foliar cover was assessed on mature stands. In the first year after planting, DM production was less at 3 kg PLS ha−1 than at 20 or 34 kg ha−1, greater at 34 than at 7 kg PLS ha−1, and was reduced by a companion crop. Second and third year DM production for all treatments was similar and greater than 6000 kg DM ha−1. In the first year after planting, crude protein concentration was less, while neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber concentrations were greater compared with subsequent years. In the third year after planting, cover of BFT was greater than 70% for all treatments. On the basis of this study, early autumn planting of BFT without a companion crop at rates from 7 to 20 kg PLS ha−1 is recommended for organic establishment of BFT.

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Forage Yield and Quality of Chicory, Birdsfoot Trefoil, and Alfalfa During the Establishment Year

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

The Effect of Harvest Age on Different Regrowth on Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) Forage Yield by Intercropped with Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott

The Effect of Harvest Age on Different Regrowth on Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) Forage Yield by Intercropped with Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott

Managing interspecies competition to improve spring pasture maturity, nutritive value, and biomass

Seeding Rate, Oat Companion Crop, and Planting Season Effects on Irrigated Organic Birdsfoot Trefoil Stands in the Mountain West United States

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